Stratification by Smoking Status Reveals an Association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 Genotype with Body Mass Index in Never Smokers

• Amy E. Taylor ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Amy E. Taylor, Richard W. Morris

  Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Research Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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• Richard W. Morris ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Amy E. Taylor, Richard W. Morris

  Affiliation Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom

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• Meg E. Fluharty,

  Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Research Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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• Johan H. Bjorngaard,

  Affiliation Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

  ⨯
• Bjørn Olav Åsvold,

  Affiliation Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

  ⨯
• Maiken E. Gabrielsen,

  Affiliation Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

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• Archie Campbell,

  Affiliation Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

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• Riccardo Marioni,

  Affiliations Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

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• Meena Kumari,

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom

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• Jenni Hällfors,

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Satu Männistö,

  Affiliation National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

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• Pedro Marques-Vidal,

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

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• Marika Kaakinen,

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

  ⨯
• Alana Cavadino,

  Affiliation Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Iris Postmus,

  Affiliations Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• Lise Lotte N. Husemoen,

  Affiliation Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark

  ⨯
• Tea Skaaby,

  Affiliation Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark

  ⨯
• Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia,

  Affiliations Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Metabolic Genetics Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark

  ⨯
• Jorien L. Treur,

  Affiliation Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• Gonneke Willemsen,

  Affiliation Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• Caroline Dale,

  Affiliation Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• S. Goya Wannamethee,

  Affiliation Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Jari Lahti,

  Affiliations Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Aarno Palotie,

  Affiliations Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, The Medical and Population Genomics Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

  ⨯
• Katri Räikkönen,

  Affiliation Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Aliaksei Kisialiou,

  Affiliation Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Alex McConnachie,

  Affiliation Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Sandosh Padmanabhan,

  Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Andrew Wong,

  Affiliation MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Christine Dalgård,

  Affiliation Institute of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

  ⨯
• Lavinia Paternoster,

  Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Yoav Ben-Shlomo,

  Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Jessica Tyrrell,

  Affiliations European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, United Kingdom, Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• John Horwood,

  Affiliation Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand

  ⨯
• David M. Fergusson,

  Affiliation Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand

  ⨯
• Martin A. Kennedy,

  Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand

  ⨯
• Tim Frayling,

  Affiliation Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Ellen A. Nohr,

  Affiliations Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

  ⨯
• Lene Christiansen,

  Affiliation Institute of Public Health, Dept. of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark

  ⨯
• Kirsten Ohm Kyvik,

  Affiliations Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

  ⨯
• Diana Kuh,

  Affiliation MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Graham Watt,

  Affiliation Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Johan Eriksson,

  Affiliations National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland, Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland

  ⨯
• Peter H. Whincup,

  Affiliation Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Jacqueline M. Vink,

  Affiliation Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• Dorret I. Boomsma,

  Affiliation Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• George Davey Smith,

  Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Institute of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

  ⨯
• Debbie Lawlor,

  Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Institute of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

  ⨯
• Allan Linneberg,

  Affiliations Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

  ⨯
• Ian Ford,

  Affiliation Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• J. Wouter Jukema,

  Affiliations Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands

  ⨯
• Christine Power,

  Affiliation Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Elina Hyppönen,

  Affiliations Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom, School of Population Health and Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia

  ⨯
• Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin,

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland

  ⨯
• Martin Preisig,

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

  ⨯
• Katja Borodulin,

  Affiliation National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Jaakko Kaprio,

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

  ⨯
• Mika Kivimaki,

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Blair H. Smith,

  Affiliation University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Caroline Hayward,

  Affiliation Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Pål R. Romundstad,

  Affiliation Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

  ⨯
• Thorkild I. A. Sørensen ,

  ¶TIAS, MRM and NS are joint senior authors on this work.

  Affiliations Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Metabolic Genetics Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebrjerg and Frederikberg Hospitals, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark

  ⨯
• Marcus R. Munafò ,

  * E-mail: marcus.munafo@bristol.ac.uk

  ¶TIAS, MRM and NS are joint senior authors on this work.

  Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Research Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

  ⨯
•  [ ... ],
• Naveed Sattar

  ¶TIAS, MRM and NS are joint senior authors on this work.

  Affiliation BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

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