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Table of Contents

March 2012

Cover

Research chimpanzees may get a break.

Issue Image

Retirement from research is to be expected for many of the chimpanzees currently at biomedical facilities. Chimp Haven offers forested habitats, large social groups and AAALAC-accredited care for chimpanzees retired from government sponsored projects. The sanctuary currently provides a home to over 130 chimpanzees and has almost 100 hectares on which to expand. A fabricated “termite mound” serves as an enrichment device, allowing chimpanzees to use tools to retrieve treats, much like their wild counterparts do to extract termites. See de Waal FBM (e1001291).

Image Credit: Amy Fultz, Chimp Haven

Synopses

Historical and Contemporary Factors Govern Global Biodiversity Patterns

Jonathan Chase

PLOS Biology: published March 27, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001294

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War Archives: How Some Primates Fought Off Ancient Viruses

Caitlin Sedwick

PLOS Biology: published March 13, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001285

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In E. coli, Interrupting One Death Pathway Leads You Down Another

Richard Robinson

PLOS Biology: published March 6, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001278

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Education

A Fishy Way to Discuss Multiple Genes Affecting the Same Trait

Michelle Smith

PLOS Biology: published March 6, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001279

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Essay

Neuroscience, Ethics, and National Security: The State of the Art

Michael N. Tennison, Jonathan D. Moreno

PLOS Biology: published March 20, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001289

Perspective

Research Chimpanzees May Get a Break

Frans B. M. de Waal

PLOS Biology: published March 27, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001291

Obituary

Paul Epstein (1943–2011): A Life of Commitment to Health and Social Justice

Richard Clapp

PLOS Biology: published March 6, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001284

Research Articles

Global Gradients in Vertebrate Diversity Predicted by Historical Area-Productivity Dynamics and Contemporary Environment

Walter Jetz, Paul V. A. Fine

PLOS Biology: published March 27, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001292

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Convergent Evolution of Escape from Hepaciviral Antagonism in Primates

Maulik R. Patel, Yueh-Ming Loo, Stacy M. Horner, Michael Gale Jr, Harmit S. Malik

PLOS Biology: published March 13, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001282

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Role of the Gut Endoderm in Relaying Left-Right Patterning in Mice

Manuel Viotti, Lei Niu, Song-Hai Shi, Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis

PLOS Biology: published March 6, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001276

Maternal xNorrin, a Canonical Wnt Signaling Agonist and TGF-β Antagonist, Controls Early Neuroectoderm Specification in Xenopus

Suhong Xu, Feng Cheng, Juan Liang, Wei Wu, Jian Zhang

PLOS Biology: published March 20, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001286

Combinatorial Activation and Repression by Seven Transcription Factors Specify Drosophila Odorant Receptor Expression

Shadi Jafari, Liza Alkhori, Alexander Schleiffer, Anna Brochtrup, Thomas Hummel, Mattias Alenius

PLOS Biology: published March 13, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001280

Presynaptically Localized Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 Is a Key Determinant of Spinal Synaptic Potentiation and Pain Hypersensitivity

Ceng Luo, Vijayan Gangadharan, Kiran Kumar Bali, Rou-Gang Xie, Nitin Agarwal, Martina Kurejova, Anke Tappe-Theodor, Irmgard Tegeder, Susanne Feil, Gary Lewin, Erika Polgar, Andrew J. Todd, Jens Schlossmann, Franz Hofmann, Da-Lu Liu, San-Jue Hu, Robert Feil, Thomas Kuner, Rohini Kuner

PLOS Biology: published March 13, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001283

Mutations in the Mitochondrial Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase Cause a Neurodegenerative Phenotype in Flies and a Recessive Ataxia (ARSAL) in Humans

Vafa Bayat, Isabelle Thiffault, Manish Jaiswal, Martine Tétreault, Taraka Donti, Florin Sasarman, Geneviève Bernard, Julie Demers-Lamarche, Marie-Josée Dicaire, Jean Mathieu, Michel Vanasse, Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Marie-France Rioux, Charles M. Lourenco, Zhihong Li, Claire Haueter, Eric A. Shoubridge, Brett H. Graham, Bernard Brais, Hugo J. Bellen

PLOS Biology: published March 20, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001288

Reasoning, Learning, and Creativity: Frontal Lobe Function and Human Decision-Making

Anne Collins, Etienne Koechlin

PLOS Biology: published March 27, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001293

Two Programmed Cell Death Systems in Escherichia coli: An Apoptotic-Like Death Is Inhibited by the mazEF-Mediated Death Pathway

Ariel Erental, Idith Sharon, Hanna Engelberg-Kulka

PLOS Biology: published March 6, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001281

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NUP-1 Is a Large Coiled-Coil Nucleoskeletal Protein in Trypanosomes with Lamin-Like Functions

Kelly N. DuBois, Sam Alsford, Jennifer M. Holden, Johanna Buisson, Michal Swiderski, Jean-Mathieu Bart, Alexander V. Ratushny, Yakun Wan, Philippe Bastin, J. David Barry, Miguel Navarro, David Horn, John D. Aitchison, Michael P. Rout, Mark C. Field

PLOS Biology: published March 27, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001287

USF Binding Sequences from the HS4 Insulator Element Impose Early Replication Timing on a Vertebrate Replicator

Vahideh Hassan-Zadeh, Sabarinadh Chilaka, Jean-Charles Cadoret, Meiji Kit-Wan Ma, Nicole Boggetto, Adam G. West, Marie-Noëlle Prioleau

PLOS Biology: published March 6, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001277

Mediator Acts Upstream of the Transcriptional Activator Gal4

Keven Ang, Gary Ee, Edwin Ang, Elvin Koh, Wee Leng Siew, Yu Mun Chan, Sabrina Nur, Yee Sun Tan, Norbert Lehming

PLOS Biology: published March 27, 2012 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001290