Neurotechnology offers unprecedented opportunities to treat neural disorders, restore brain function and enhance cognitive abilities. However, its vast potential is matched by significant scientific, technological and ethical challenges. This PLOS Biology collection explores the present and possible futures of neurotechnology to improve human health and cognition. The image shows an artist’s fanciful overlay of brain and technology-related motifs.
Image Credit: Pixabay user Gerd Altmann
Editorial
The promises and challenges of neurotechnology to improve human health and cognition
PLOS Biology: published October 30, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002903
Essays
Ethical considerations for the use of brain–computer interfaces for cognitive enhancement
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002899
The future of transcranial ultrasound as a precision brain interface
PLOS Biology: published October 29, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002884
Why does invasive brain stimulation sometimes improve memory and sometimes impair it?
PLOS Biology: published October 25, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002894
Perspectives
Advances and challenges in the development of visual prostheses
PLOS Biology: published October 24, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002896
The expanding horizon of neurotechnology: Is multimodal neuromodulation the future?
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002885
The future of quantum technologies for brain imaging
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002824
Closing the sensory feedback loop is necessary for effective neurorehabilitation
PLOS Biology: published October 29, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002866
Can neurotechnology revolutionize cognitive enhancement?
PLOS Biology: published October 29, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002831
Primer
Microglia cannibalism during neurodevelopment results in necroptotic cell death
PLOS Biology: published October 31, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002869
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Research Articles
Reviving collapsed plant–pollinator networks from a single species
PLOS Biology: published October 4, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002826
Unifying approaches from statistical genetics and phylogenetics for mapping phenotypes in structured populations
PLOS Biology: published October 9, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002847
Intragenomic conflicts with plasmids and chromosomal mobile genetic elements drive the evolution of natural transformation within species
PLOS Biology: published October 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002814
Mice employ a bait-and-switch escape mechanism to de-escalate social conflict
PLOS Biology: published October 15, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002496
Individualistic reward-seeking strategies that predict response to nicotine emerge among isogenic male mice living in a micro-society
PLOS Biology: published October 24, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002850
Functional reorganization of brain regions supporting artificial grammar learning across the first half year of life
PLOS Biology: published October 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002610
Object color knowledge representation occurs in the macaque brain despite the absence of a developed language system
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002863
Decoding reveals the neural representation of perceived and imagined musical sounds
PLOS Biology: published October 21, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002858
Dog–human vocal interactions match dogs’ sensory-motor tuning
PLOS Biology: published October 1, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002789
Related Articles
Impaired motor-to-sensory transformation mediates auditory hallucinations
PLOS Biology: published October 3, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002836
The human olfactory bulb communicates perceived odor valence to the piriform cortex in the gamma band and receives a refined representation back in the beta band
PLOS Biology: published October 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002849
Functional networks of inhibitory neurons orchestrate synchrony in the hippocampus
PLOS Biology: published October 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002837
Experience-dependent serotonergic signaling in glia regulates targeted synapse elimination
PLOS Biology: published October 1, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002822
Amalgam plays a dual role in controlling the number of leg muscle progenitors and regulating their interactions with the developing Drosophila tendon
PLOS Biology: published October 7, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002842
Reduction of endocytosis and EGFR signaling is associated with the switch from isolated to clustered apoptosis during epithelial tissue remodeling in Drosophila
PLOS Biology: published October 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002823
The development of hepatic steatosis depends on the presence of liver-innervating parasympathetic cholinergic neurons in mice fed a high-fat diet
PLOS Biology: published October 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002865
Chromatin remodeller Chd7 is developmentally regulated in the neural crest by tissue-specific transcription factors
PLOS Biology: published October 17, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002786
Widespread regulation of the maternal transcriptome by Nanos in Drosophila
PLOS Biology: published October 14, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002840
Ortholog of autism candidate gene RBM27 regulates mitoribosomal assembly factor MALS-1 to protect against mitochondrial dysfunction and axon degeneration during neurodevelopment
PLOS Biology: published October 31, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002876
Disruption of tRNA biogenesis enhances proteostatic resilience, improves later-life health, and promotes longevity
PLOS Biology: published October 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002853
Free long-chain fatty acids trigger early postembryonic development in starved Caenorhabditis elegans by suppressing mTORC1
PLOS Biology: published October 22, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002841
MICU2 up-regulation enhances tumor aggressiveness and metabolic reprogramming during colorectal cancer development
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002854
MMTV RNA packaging requires an extended long-range interaction for productive Gag binding to packaging signals
PLOS Biology: published October 3, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002827
Structure of G protein-coupled receptor GPR1 bound to full-length chemerin adipokine reveals a chemokine-like reverse binding mode
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002838
Short Reports
Evolution of sex differences in cooperation can be explained by trade-offs with dispersal
PLOS Biology: published October 24, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002859
The expectations humans have of a pleasurable sensation asymmetrically shape neuronal responses and subjective experiences to hot sauce
PLOS Biology: published October 8, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002818
Microglia cannibalism and efferocytosis leads to shorter lifespans of developmental microglia
PLOS Biology: published October 30, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002819
Related Articles
Activation of plant immunity through conversion of a helper NLR homodimer into a resistosome
PLOS Biology: published October 18, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002868
Structures of the mycobacterial MmpL4 and MmpL5 transporters provide insights into their role in siderophore export and iron acquisition
PLOS Biology: published October 18, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002874
Amyloid accelerator polyphosphate fits as the mystery density in α-synuclein fibrils
PLOS Biology: published October 31, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002650
Methods and Resources
A multichannel electrophysiological approach to noninvasively and precisely record human spinal cord activity
PLOS Biology: published October 31, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002828
Monitoring of activity-driven trafficking of endogenous synaptic proteins through proximity labeling
PLOS Biology: published October 28, 2024 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002860