Peer Review History

Original SubmissionDecember 1, 2023
Decision Letter - Christian Schnell, PhD, Editor

Dear Dr Bavard,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript entitled "Beyond choices: humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone" for consideration as a Research Article by PLOS Biology.

Your manuscript has now been evaluated by the PLOS Biology editorial staff as well as by an academic editor with relevant expertise and I am writing to let you know that we would like to send your submission out for external peer review.

However, before we can send your manuscript to reviewers, we need you to complete your submission by providing the metadata that is required for full assessment. To this end, please login to Editorial Manager where you will find the paper in the 'Submissions Needing Revisions' folder on your homepage. Please click 'Revise Submission' from the Action Links and complete all additional questions in the submission questionnaire.

Once your full submission is complete, your paper will undergo a series of checks in preparation for peer review. After your manuscript has passed the checks it will be sent out for review. To provide the metadata for your submission, please Login to Editorial Manager (https://www.editorialmanager.com/pbiology) within two working days, i.e. by Dec 07 2023 11:59PM.

If your manuscript has been previously peer-reviewed at another journal, PLOS Biology is willing to work with those reviews in order to avoid re-starting the process. Submission of the previous reviews is entirely optional and our ability to use them effectively will depend on the willingness of the previous journal to confirm the content of the reports and share the reviewer identities. Please note that we reserve the right to invite additional reviewers if we consider that additional/independent reviewers are needed, although we aim to avoid this as far as possible. In our experience, working with previous reviews does save time.

If you would like us to consider previous reviewer reports, please edit your cover letter to let us know and include the name of the journal where the work was previously considered and the manuscript ID it was given. In addition, please upload a response to the reviews as a 'Prior Peer Review' file type, which should include the reports in full and a point-by-point reply detailing how you have or plan to address the reviewers' concerns.

During the process of completing your manuscript submission, you will be invited to opt-in to posting your pre-review manuscript as a bioRxiv preprint. Visit http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/preprints for full details. If you consent to posting your current manuscript as a preprint, please upload a single Preprint PDF.

Feel free to email us at plosbiology@plos.org if you have any queries relating to your submission.

Kind regards,

Christian

Christian Schnell, PhD

Senior Editor

PLOS Biology

cschnell@plos.org

Revision 1
Decision Letter - Christian Schnell, PhD, Editor

Dear Dr Bavard,

Thank you for your patience while your manuscript "Beyond choices: humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone" went through peer-review at PLOS Biology. Your manuscript has now been evaluated by the PLOS Biology editors, an Academic Editor with relevant expertise, and by several independent reviewers.

In light of the reviews, which you will find at the end of this email, we are pleased to offer you the opportunity to address the comments from the reviewers in a revision that we anticipate should not take you very long. We will then assess your revised manuscript and your response to the reviewers' comments with our Academic Editor. As you will see, one of the comments refers to the inaccessibility of the data repository and Reviewer 3 indicated that they would like to review the data and code for an in-depth review.

We expect to receive your revised manuscript within 1 month. Please email us (plosbiology@plos.org) if you have any questions or concerns, or would like to request an extension.

At this stage, your manuscript remains formally under active consideration at our journal; please notify us by email if you do not intend to submit a revision so that we withdraw the manuscript.

**IMPORTANT - SUBMITTING YOUR REVISION**

Your revisions should address the specific points made by each reviewer. Please submit the following files along with your revised manuscript:

1. A 'Response to Reviewers' file - this should detail your responses to the editorial requests, present a point-by-point response to all of the reviewers' comments, and indicate the changes made to the manuscript.

*NOTE: In your point-by-point response to the reviewers, please provide the full context of each review. Do not selectively quote paragraphs or sentences to reply to. The entire set of reviewer comments should be present in full and each specific point should be responded to individually.

You should also cite any additional relevant literature that has been published since the original submission and mention any additional citations in your response.

2. In addition to a clean copy of the manuscript, please also upload a 'track-changes' version of your manuscript that specifies the edits made. This should be uploaded as a "Revised Article with Changes Highlighted " file type.

*Resubmission Checklist*

When you are ready to resubmit your revised manuscript, please refer to this resubmission checklist: https://plos.io/Biology_Checklist

To submit a revised version of your manuscript, please go to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pbiology/ and log in as an Author. Click the link labelled 'Submissions Needing Revision' where you will find your submission record.

Please make sure to read the following important policies and guidelines while preparing your revision:

*Published Peer Review*

Please note while forming your response, if your article is accepted, you may have the opportunity to make the peer review history publicly available. The record will include editor decision letters (with reviews) and your responses to reviewer comments. If eligible, we will contact you to opt in or out. Please see here for more details:

https://blogs.plos.org/plos/2019/05/plos-journals-now-open-for-published-peer-review/

*PLOS Data Policy*

Please note that as a condition of publication PLOS' data policy (http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/data-availability) requires that you make available all data used to draw the conclusions arrived at in your manuscript. If you have not already done so, you must include any data used in your manuscript either in appropriate repositories, within the body of the manuscript, or as supporting information (N.B. this includes any numerical values that were used to generate graphs, histograms etc.). For an example see here: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001908#s5

*Blot and Gel Data Policy*

We require the original, uncropped and minimally adjusted images supporting all blot and gel results reported in an article's figures or Supporting Information files. We will require these files before a manuscript can be accepted so please prepare them now, if you have not already uploaded them. Please carefully read our guidelines for how to prepare and upload this data: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/figures#loc-blot-and-gel-reporting-requirements

*Protocols deposition*

To enhance the reproducibility of your results, we recommend that if applicable you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io, where a protocol can be assigned its own identifier (DOI) such that it can be cited independently in the future. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols

Thank you again for your submission to our journal. We hope that our editorial process has been constructive thus far, and we welcome your feedback at any time. Please don't hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or comments.

Sincerely,

Christian

Christian Schnell, PhD

Senior Editor

PLOS Biology

cschnell@plos.org

----------------------------------------------------------------

REVIEWS:

Reviewer #1: Reviewer comments

Summary

The authors investigate the role of response times (RT) in how individuals learn about others' social preferences. The key novel contribution is the finding that RT is predictive of social choice preferences, meaning that observers could infer others' choices were more prosocial versus more selfish when provided only with information about RT (i.e., without information about choices). The authors argue that this deviates from the predictions of an optimal Bayesian model in which people are expected to learn equally well from choices and RT information.

Comments

1. Regarding the Bayesian optimal observer model, something that was unclear in the manuscript is why or in what sense is this model optimal? Does it maximize some performance measure (e.g., accuracy or reward rate per unit time)? A few sentences clarifying this would be beneficial.

2. From the description in the Materials and Methods section, the Bayesian optimal model seems to be comprised of several different models (e.g., Weiner first-passage time, soft-max, WFPT integrated over both choices, and the 'prior equals likelihood' model) which are applied depending on the type of data provided (RT/choices/both/none). The manuscript would benefit from giving a brief description of and motivation for this 'benchmark' model earlier on, such as when the model is first mentioned in the introduction. Doing so would help readers understand the reason for choosing these models as a benchmark for comparison.

3. It is stated in a few places (Abstract/Intro/Discussion) that "from a Bayesian perspective, people should be able to learn equally well from choices and RTs". I think this statement needs a bit more motivation/unpacking as to why choices and RTs should be equally informative when predicting choices. I would think that choice information would be more informative (weighted more heavily when updating a prior) when the task is to infer people's choice preferences. For example, if my task is to infer someone's choice preferences, and I'm given the option to either view their 10 previous choices or 10 previous RTs, I can't really think of a situation in which I'd choose the RT information. If, on the other hand, my task was to infer someone's mean RT, then the RT information would indeed be more informative, and I would disregard the choice information. The reported behavioural results appear to support this strategy: "These results suggest that, in our task, participants used the RT information when no other piece of information was available, but they seemed to disregard RT when the choice information was available" (p.12). Thus, the Bayesian optimal model seems to be somewhat of a 'straw man' rather than a serious competitor against the other models presented in the paper. This could be remedied by providing some further explanation and motivation for this model.

4. Aside from these minor points, I thought the paper was well written and provided a comprehensive analysis of an interesting dataset.

Reviewer #2: The authors examine whether or not people use different combinations of the speed and choices of other peoples decisions when making inferences about social preferences of others. Their main conclusions are the people are able to learn other peoples' social preferences even when they only observed the response time of others'. This is a very interesting finding and, as far as I know, the extent to which response time can be used to infer the social preferences of others has not been carefully examined, which makes this study a novel and exciting addition to the literature.

The manuscript is short and sweet -- they use a direct and straightforward design and show a clear main effect of response time in the accuracy of the inferences drawn about others' social preferences. They also use the response time to update a simple reinforcement learning model to allow the model to learn to predict subsequent choice and response times. The model is already fairly established in other applications, so simply adding response time in the current context is a natural step. The authors also use a Bayesian optimal model as a point of comparison and evaluating their RL model. Although I didn't examine this BO model closely, the authors show rather large qualitative (and quantitative) differences in the accuracy of the two models, with the RL model clearly outperforming the BO model.

Given the straightforward approach (in terms of the experimental design and computational modeling) as well as the very clear experimental and computational modeling results, I really don't have much to offer for suggested improvements. The authors provided a very accessible manuscript and have cited all the relevant literature that I can think of, so I would recommend acceptance.

Reviewer #3: The manuscript addresses an experiment in which participants observe information about others' decisions or response times to make decisions in the context of prosocial behavior, and finds that people can infer others' preferences from the process by which they make decisions. There is much to like about the paper, and although the details of the developed learning model are outside of my area of expertise to assess, I find myself to be enthusiastic overall.

However, although it appears that there is documentation of the materials, data and code available on github, the link provided lead me to a 404 error message. Regarding the OSF project related to the preregistration, I believe I did not have reading rights. Therefore, it was not possible for me to review the paper in depth. I would be happy to do so in another round of reviews. I did find and review the preregistration, which clearly stipulated the manipulated conditions and hypotheses but gave only sparse indications of the overall procedure or analyses to be expected. In the manuscript, it would be great if it was even easier to spot which results related to preregistered hypotheses. In any case, I find it highly commendable that the authors provided a preregistration.

In addition, I have a few comments about the behavioral results that I believe should be addressed in a revision of the manuscript.

Learning about Dictators' Preferences (Estimation Phase)

In the results section (p. 5, bottom paragraph), the authors report that observers' learning of the dictators' preferences was better than chance overall, and separately for the four conditions induced (RT only, choice only, both, none), in correspondence with the preregistered hypothesis that "(1) the mean accuracy of participants to predict the dictators' social preference will be higher than chance in three out of four conditions, [and] (2) this accuracy will increase with the amount of information provided to the participants". The paragraph is quite densely written, so that perhaps it might be helpful to add a bit of explanation back in. For instance: starting with line 178, do you report first the overall effect of learning (in all conditions), then the effect separately for the RT only condition, then a post-hoc contrast between the choice only and both conditions, and then the effect separately for the none condition? Perhaps a table would help summarize these results efficiently, and give you more space for elaborating in the text.

Moreover, I expected to see an interaction effect reported about the effect of condition x time of measurement (before first trial, after first trial, after second trial, etc.) on the perception of the dictators' preferences. It seems to me like the perceptions of the dictators' preferences would probably get better across the four trials, maybe particularly so in the both condition and perhaps not at all in the none condition.

Regarding the dictators' preference in the methods section, it didn't quite become clear to me how the participants indicated what they thought the dictators' preferences were.

Extrapolation to Unseen Decisions

Minor point: I noticed that the terminology and the perspective on the data changed a bit in this section. Where you referred to RT only condition before, you now refer to the RT visibility (which presumably also addressed the both condition). For consistency and to increase the ease with which readers can follow the presented work, perhaps it might be good to keep the perspective on the data constant throughout, or to alert the readers to the difference?

Revision 2

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Rebuttal.docx
Decision Letter - Christian Schnell, PhD, Editor

Dear Dr Bavard,

Thank you for your patience while we considered your revised manuscript "Beyond choices: humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone" for consideration as a Research Article at PLOS Biology. Your revised study has now been evaluated by the PLOS Biology editors and the original reviewers.

In light of the reviews, which you will find at the end of this email, we are pleased to offer you the opportunity to address the remaining points from the reviewers in a revision that we anticipate should not take you very long. We will then assess your revised manuscript and your response to the reviewers' comments with our Academic Editor aiming to avoid further rounds of peer-review, although might need to consult with the reviewers, depending on the nature of the revisions.

As you can see, Reviewer 3 was not able to access the data to review them. One issue is that one of the OSF repositories does not seem to contain the required data (https://osf.io/fseyw/) and that the github repository contains scripts and data as matlab files, making them inaccessible for the reviewers (and some of our readers). Would you able to provide these data and scripts in a more accessible way? Please don't hesitate to contact me if you have any questions or would like to discuss alternative options.

We expect to receive your revised manuscript within 1 month. Please email us (plosbiology@plos.org) if you have any questions or concerns, or would like to request an extension.

At this stage, your manuscript remains formally under active consideration at our journal; please notify us by email if you do not intend to submit a revision so that we withdraw the manuscript.

**IMPORTANT - SUBMITTING YOUR REVISION**

Your revisions should address the specific points made by each reviewer. Please submit the following files along with your revised manuscript:

1. A 'Response to Reviewers' file - this should detail your responses to the editorial requests, present a point-by-point response to all of the reviewers' comments, and indicate the changes made to the manuscript.

*NOTE: In your point-by-point response to the reviewers, please provide the full context of each review. Do not selectively quote paragraphs or sentences to reply to. The entire set of reviewer comments should be present in full and each specific point should be responded to individually.

You should also cite any additional relevant literature that has been published since the original submission and mention any additional citations in your response.

2. In addition to a clean copy of the manuscript, please also upload a 'track-changes' version of your manuscript that specifies the edits made. This should be uploaded as a "Revised Article with Changes Highlighted " file type.

*Resubmission Checklist*

When you are ready to resubmit your revised manuscript, please refer to this resubmission checklist: https://plos.io/Biology_Checklist

To submit a revised version of your manuscript, please go to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pbiology/ and log in as an Author. Click the link labelled 'Submissions Needing Revision' where you will find your submission record.

Please make sure to read the following important policies and guidelines while preparing your revision:

*Published Peer Review*

Please note while forming your response, if your article is accepted, you may have the opportunity to make the peer review history publicly available. The record will include editor decision letters (with reviews) and your responses to reviewer comments. If eligible, we will contact you to opt in or out. Please see here for more details:

https://blogs.plos.org/plos/2019/05/plos-journals-now-open-for-published-peer-review/

*PLOS Data Policy*

Please note that as a condition of publication PLOS' data policy (http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/data-availability) requires that you make available all data used to draw the conclusions arrived at in your manuscript. If you have not already done so, you must include any data used in your manuscript either in appropriate repositories, within the body of the manuscript, or as supporting information (N.B. this includes any numerical values that were used to generate graphs, histograms etc.). For an example see here: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001908#s5

*Blot and Gel Data Policy*

We require the original, uncropped and minimally adjusted images supporting all blot and gel results reported in an article's figures or Supporting Information files. We will require these files before a manuscript can be accepted so please prepare them now, if you have not already uploaded them. Please carefully read our guidelines for how to prepare and upload this data: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/figures#loc-blot-and-gel-reporting-requirements

*Protocols deposition*

To enhance the reproducibility of your results, we recommend that if applicable you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io, where a protocol can be assigned its own identifier (DOI) such that it can be cited independently in the future. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols

Thank you again for your submission to our journal. We hope that our editorial process has been constructive thus far, and we welcome your feedback at any time. Please don't hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or comments.

Sincerely,

Christian

Christian Schnell, PhD

Senior Editor

PLOS Biology

cschnell@plos.org

----------------------------------------------------------------

REVIEWS:

Reviewer #1 (Russell J. Boag): The authors have addressed my comments satisfactorily.

Reviewer #3: To the degree that the manuscript coincides with my expertise, I found most of my comments addressed appropriately. However, I continue to quarrel with details relating to the Open practices for this manuscript.

Unfortunately, the linked OSF project was empty. Therefore, performing a review based on the data and materials that should presumably be contained therein was not possible. I think it would be great if materials, such as the program used to elicit responses from participants, were made available in this repository. Given that PLOS Biology is an outlet that is committed to transparency regarding research protocols, this seems like an important step to me.

In the github project, I could not locate a file that looked like it contained materials, too. I assume the data might be stored in .mat files (e.g., data_fig.mat), which makes them inaccessible to users like me who are not running Matlab. Might I suggest saving a more accessible version of the raw data, in line with the FAIR principle of interoperability?

Revision 3

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Rebuttal2.docx
Decision Letter - Christian Schnell, PhD, Editor

Dear Sophie,

Thank you for your patience while we considered your revised manuscript "Beyond choices: humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone" for publication as a Research Article at PLOS Biology. This revised version of your manuscript has been evaluated by the PLOS Biology editors, the Academic Editor and one of the original reviewers.

Based on the reviews and on our Academic Editor's assessment of your revision, we are likely to accept this manuscript for publication, provided you satisfactorily address the following data and other policy-related requests.

* We would like to suggest a different title to improve readability: "Humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone"

* Please add the links to the funding agencies in the Financial Disclosure statement in the manuscript details.

* All research involving human participants must have been approved by the authors' Institutional Review Board (IRB) or an equivalent committee, and must have been conducted according to the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki. Please provide the approval number and a statement that your study has been conducted according to the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki in the manuscript.

DATA POLICY:

You may be aware of the PLOS Data Policy, which requires that all data be made available without restriction: http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/data-availability. For more information, please also see this editorial: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001797

Note that we do not require all raw data. Rather, we ask that all individual quantitative observations that underlie the data summarized in the figures and results of your paper be made available in one of the following forms:

1) Supplementary files (e.g., excel). Please ensure that all data files are uploaded as 'Supporting Information' and are invariably referred to (in the manuscript, figure legends, and the Description field when uploading your files) using the following format verbatim: S1 Data, S2 Data, etc. Multiple panels of a single or even several figures can be included as multiple sheets in one excel file that is saved using exactly the following convention: S1_Data.xlsx (using an underscore).

2) Deposition in a publicly available repository. Please also provide the accession code or a reviewer link so that we may view your data before publication.

Regardless of the method selected, please ensure that you provide the individual numerical values that underlie the summary data displayed in the following figure panels as they are essential for readers to assess your analysis and to reproduce it: 1D, 2A, 3ABCD.

NOTE: the numerical data provided should include all replicates AND the way in which the plotted mean and errors were derived (it should not present only the mean/average values).

Please also ensure that figure legends in your manuscript include information on where the underlying data can be found, and ensure your supplemental data file/s has a legend.

Please ensure that your Data Statement in the submission system accurately describes where your data can be found.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

CODE POLICY

Per journal policy, if you have generated any custom code during the curse of this investigation, please make it available without restrictions upon publication. Please ensure that the code is sufficiently well documented and reusable, and that your Data Statement in the Editorial Manager submission system accurately describes where your code can be found. As the code that you have generated to obtain the data is important to support the conclusions of your manuscript (as also mentioned by Reviewer 3), its deposition is required for acceptance.

Please note that we cannot accept sole deposition of code in GitHub, as this could be changed after publication. However, you can archive this version of your publicly available GitHub code to Zenodo. Once you do this, it will generate a DOI number, which you will need to provide in the Data Accessibility Statement (you are welcome to also provide the GitHub access information). See the process for doing this here: https://docs.github.com/en/repositories/archiving-a-github-repository/referencing-and-citing-content

As you address these items, please take this last chance to review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the cover letter that accompanies your revised manuscript.

We expect to receive your revised manuscript within two weeks.

To submit your revision, please go to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pbiology/ and log in as an Author. Click the link labelled 'Submissions Needing Revision' to find your submission record. Your revised submission must include the following:

- a cover letter that should detail your responses to any editorial requests, if applicable, and whether changes have been made to the reference list

- a Response to Reviewers file that provides a detailed response to the reviewers' comments (if applicable, if not applicable please do not delete your existing 'Response to Reviewers' file.)

- a track-changes file indicating any changes that you have made to the manuscript.

NOTE: If Supporting Information files are included with your article, note that these are not copyedited and will be published as they are submitted. Please ensure that these files are legible and of high quality (at least 300 dpi) in an easily accessible file format. For this reason, please be aware that any references listed in an SI file will not be indexed. For more information, see our Supporting Information guidelines:

https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/supporting-information

*Published Peer Review History*

Please note that you may have the opportunity to make the peer review history publicly available. The record will include editor decision letters (with reviews) and your responses to reviewer comments. If eligible, we will contact you to opt in or out. Please see here for more details:

https://blogs.plos.org/plos/2019/05/plos-journals-now-open-for-published-peer-review/

*Press*

Should you, your institution's press office or the journal office choose to press release your paper, please ensure you have opted out of Early Article Posting on the submission form. We ask that you notify us as soon as possible if you or your institution is planning to press release the article.

*Protocols deposition*

To enhance the reproducibility of your results, we recommend that if applicable you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io, where a protocol can be assigned its own identifier (DOI) such that it can be cited independently in the future. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols

Please do not hesitate to contact me should you have any questions.

Sincerely,

Christian

Christian Schnell, PhD

Senior Editor

cschnell@plos.org

PLOS Biology

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Reviewer remarks:

Reviewer #3: Thanks for taking up my suggestions to improve the transparency of the documentation. It seems like you missed out on one request (to also share materials used to obtain the data, e.g., stimulus materials and instructions, program run to present stimuli). I hope these materials can be made available nevertheless.

Revision 4

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Rebuttal2.docx
Decision Letter - Christian Schnell, PhD, Editor

Dear Sophie,

Thank you for your patience while we considered your revised manuscript "Beyond choices: humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone" for publication as a Research Article at PLOS Biology. This revised version of your manuscript has been evaluated by the PLOS Biology editors.

Thank you for addressing most of the editorial requests. However, a few items were not fully addressed:

*) Title: I understand that you'd like to keep the choices in the title. However, we do not allow split titles for Research Articles. Would you be able to to suggest a title without the :? I've tried a couple of variants but they were all worse than the original suggestion. It would be helpful if you could send me your suggestions via email to cschnell@plos.org before submitting the revision, so we can discuss this without you going through another round via Editorial Manager.

*) Thank you for uploading the stimulation data to the github repository. However, the GitHub repository could be changed after publication. Therefore, can

you please archive this version of your publicly available GitHub repository to Zenodo? Please update the Data Accessibility Statement afterwards accordingly (you are welcome to also provide the GitHub access information). See the process for doing this here: https://docs.github.com/en/repositories/archiving-a-github-repository/referencing-and-citing-content

*) Source data: We ask that all individual quantitative observations that underlie the data summarized in the figures and results of your paper be made available in one of the following forms:

1) Supplementary files (e.g., excel). Please ensure that all data files are uploaded as 'Supporting Information' and are invariably referred to (in the manuscript, figure legends, and the Description field when uploading your files) using the following format verbatim: S1 Data, S2 Data, etc. Multiple panels of a single or even several figures can be included as multiple sheets in one excel file that is saved using exactly the following convention: S1_Data.xlsx (using an underscore).

2) Deposition in a publicly available repository. Please also provide the accession code or a reviewer link so that we may view your data before publication.

Regardless of the method selected, please ensure that you provide the individual numerical values that underlie the summary data displayed in the following figure panels as they are essential for readers to assess your analysis and to reproduce it: 1D, 2A and 3ABCD.

NOTE: the numerical data provided should include all replicates AND the way in which the plotted mean and errors were derived (it should not present only the mean/average values).

Please also ensure that figure legends in your manuscript include information on where the underlying data can be found, and ensure your supplemental data file/s has a legend.

Please ensure that your Data Statement in the submission system accurately describes where your data can be found.

You can see an example of this in this paper: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3002591#pbio.3002591.s012

As you address these items, please take this last chance to review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the cover letter that accompanies your revised manuscript.

We expect to receive your revised manuscript within two weeks.

To submit your revision, please go to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pbiology/ and log in as an Author. Click the link labelled 'Submissions Needing Revision' to find your submission record. Your revised submission must include the following:

- a cover letter that should detail your responses to any editorial requests, if applicable, and whether changes have been made to the reference list

- a Response to Reviewers file that provides a detailed response to the reviewers' comments (if applicable, if not applicable please do not delete your existing 'Response to Reviewers' file.)

- a track-changes file indicating any changes that you have made to the manuscript.

NOTE: If Supporting Information files are included with your article, note that these are not copyedited and will be published as they are submitted. Please ensure that these files are legible and of high quality (at least 300 dpi) in an easily accessible file format. For this reason, please be aware that any references listed in an SI file will not be indexed. For more information, see our Supporting Information guidelines:

https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/supporting-information

*Published Peer Review History*

Please note that you may have the opportunity to make the peer review history publicly available. The record will include editor decision letters (with reviews) and your responses to reviewer comments. If eligible, we will contact you to opt in or out. Please see here for more details:

https://blogs.plos.org/plos/2019/05/plos-journals-now-open-for-published-peer-review/

*Press*

Should you, your institution's press office or the journal office choose to press release your paper, please ensure you have opted out of Early Article Posting on the submission form. We ask that you notify us as soon as possible if you or your institution is planning to press release the article.

*Protocols deposition*

To enhance the reproducibility of your results, we recommend that if applicable you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io, where a protocol can be assigned its own identifier (DOI) such that it can be cited independently in the future. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols

Please do not hesitate to contact me should you have any questions.

Sincerely,

Christian

Christian Schnell, PhD

Senior Editor

cschnell@plos.org

PLOS Biology

Revision 5

Attachments
Attachment
Submitted filename: Rebuttal2.docx
Decision Letter - Christian Schnell, PhD, Editor

Dear Dr Bavard,

Thank you for the submission of your revised Research Article "Humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone" for publication in PLOS Biology. On behalf of my colleagues and the Academic Editor, Thorsten Kahnt, I am pleased to say that we can in principle accept your manuscript for publication, provided you address any remaining formatting and reporting issues. These will be detailed in an email you should receive within 2-3 business days from our colleagues in the journal operations team; no action is required from you until then. Please note that we will not be able to formally accept your manuscript and schedule it for publication until you have completed any requested changes.

Please take a minute to log into Editorial Manager at http://www.editorialmanager.com/pbiology/, click the "Update My Information" link at the top of the page, and update your user information to ensure an efficient production process.

PRESS

We frequently collaborate with press offices. If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper at this point, to enable them to help maximise its impact. If the press office is planning to promote your findings, we would be grateful if they could coordinate with biologypress@plos.org. If you have previously opted in to the early version process, we ask that you notify us immediately of any press plans so that we may opt out on your behalf.

We also ask that you take this opportunity to read our Embargo Policy regarding the discussion, promotion and media coverage of work that is yet to be published by PLOS. As your manuscript is not yet published, it is bound by the conditions of our Embargo Policy. Please be aware that this policy is in place both to ensure that any press coverage of your article is fully substantiated and to provide a direct link between such coverage and the published work. For full details of our Embargo Policy, please visit http://www.plos.org/about/media-inquiries/embargo-policy/.

Thank you again for choosing PLOS Biology for publication and supporting Open Access publishing. We look forward to publishing your study. 

Sincerely, 

Christian

Christian Schnell, PhD

Senior Editor

PLOS Biology

cschnell@plos.org

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