Fig 1.
Longitudinal trajectories of functional network development across the birth transition.
(A) One-sample t test on RSFC across all subjects. Stronger RSFC within networks affirms validity of the network clustering algorithm. (B) Functional parcels and networks. (C) Age effect on the ROI-to-ROI functional connectivity. (D) Maturation trajectory and rates of change of the average age-related RSFC. The growth trajectory of “positive age-related RSFC” (left) represents the average RSFC across all connectivity edges that show a significant positive age effect, as colored in red in Fig 1C. Similarly, the “negative age-related RSFC” represents the average RSFC for all connectivity edges with a significant negative age effect, shown in blue in the matrix in Fig 1C. The shaded gray area represents 95% confidence intervals. Lines indicate longitudinal data from the same participant scanned at multiple time points. Data points from fetuses or infants are indicated by either circle or triangle. The change rate of RSFC is presented under the plot (navy blue to red). The data used to generate this figure can be found in S1 Data. ROI, region of interest; RSFC, resting-state functional connectivity.
Fig 2.
Maturation trajectory and rates of change of the pairwise within- and between-network functional connectivity.
The shaded pink area represents 95% confidence intervals. Data points from fetuses or infants are indicated by either light gray or dark gray. The change rate of RSFC is presented under each plot (navy blue to red). The data used to generate the network-level results can be found in S2 Data. RSFC, resting-state functional connectivity.
Fig 3.
Changes in graph parameters over the birth transition.
(A) Nodes showing significant age-related changes in GE, where red indicates increased GE with age, while blue indicates decreased GE with age. (B) Developmental trajectories of GE and the rates of change. (C) Nodes showing significant age-related increase in LE. (D) Developmental trajectories of LE and the rates of change. For the trajectory plots in (B) and (D), shaded gray area represents 95% confidence intervals. Lines indicate longitudinal data from the same participant scanned at multiple time points. Data points from fetuses or infants are indicated by either circle or triangle. The change rate of RSFC is presented under the plot. The data used to generate the graph measure results can be found in S1 Data. GE, global efficiency; LE, local efficiency; RSFC, resting-state functional connectivity.
Fig 4.
Age-related change in functional connectivity evaluated separately within fetal (A) and infant data sets (B).
Age effect on the ROI-to-ROI functional connectivity and the maturation trajectory of the average age-related RSFC are presented side by side. The shaded gray area represents 95% confidence intervals. Lines indicate longitudinal data from the same participant scanned at multiple time points. The change rate of RSFC is presented under the plot (navy blue to red). The data used to generate this figure can be found in S1 Data. ROI, region of interest; RSFC, resting-state functional connectivity.
Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
Table 2.
Sequence descriptions and image quality control.