Fig 1.
Sex and caste determination in honey bees.
(A) Sex determination cascade. (B) General roles of diet in caste determination. Roth and colleagues demonstrated that drones develop normal, large gonads when reared on a worker diet. (C) The effect of fem and (D) dsx knock-out on sex determination and gonad size, as described by Roth and colleagues (2019). CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; CSD, complimentary sex determiner; dsx, doublesex; fem, feminizer; sgRNA, single guide RNA.