Fig 1.
The nest and critical reproductive interactions around a common stream fish of North America.
Top: A bluehead chub N. leptocephalus hovers over its completed and incubating mound nest. Bottom: An active nest with (a) host male bluehead chub initiating a spawning clasp and six nest associate species, including (b) mountain redbelly dace Chrosomus oreas, (c) rosyside dace Clinostomus funduloides, (d) central stoneroller Campostoma anomalum, (e) white shiner Luxilus albeolus, (f) crescent shiner L. cerasinus, and (g) rosefin shiner Lythrurus ardens. Photos are from Toms Creek, Virginia, US, by Emmanuel A. Frimpong.
Table 1.
A representative community sample (collected with backpack electrofishing) from a 0.65-km section of Toms Creek, Virginia, showing dominance of the community by bluehead chub and its nest associates.
Other fish species represented in significant numbers are those that feed actively on bluehead chub nests.