Isoflurane activates the type 1 ryanodine receptor to induce anesthesia in mice
Fig 3
Putative isoflurane-binding site on RyR1.
(A, B) Putative binding formation with 4-chloro-m-cresol (4-CmC) (A) and isoflurane (B). (C) Time-course reaction to 4-CmC, isoflurane, and caffeine of each amino acid substitution mutant. N = 4. (D) Normalized peak intensity of responses to 4-CmC and isoflurane for each amino acid substitution mutant. N = 4. The data are normalized so that the peaks of 5.0 mM caffeine and the control (without pharmacological agents) are 1.0 and 0, respectively (equation 1 in Materials and methods). Data are represented as Mean ± SD. 4-CmC, 4-chloro-m-cresol; RyR1, the type 1 ryanodine receptor; WT, wild-type; Caf., Caffeine; Iso., Isoflurane.