Removing facial features from structural MRI images biases visual quality assessment
Table 3
The linear mixed-effect models (LME) with defacing as a fixed effect explained significantly more variance than a “baseline” counterpart without defacing.
Model comparison with a likelihood ratio test yielded a pFDR = 0.0183 after FDR correction. Complete reporting of the pre-registered comparison and the additional exploratory analyses are provided in Tables F and G in S1 Text.