Four principles to establish a universal virus taxonomy

• Peter Simmonds ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: peter.simmonds@ndm.ox.ac.uk (PS); Evelien.Adriaenssens@quadram.ac.uk (EMA); zerbini@ufv.br (FMZ)

  Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7964-4700

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• Evelien M. Adriaenssens ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: peter.simmonds@ndm.ox.ac.uk (PS); Evelien.Adriaenssens@quadram.ac.uk (EMA); zerbini@ufv.br (FMZ)

  Affiliation Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom

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• F. Murilo Zerbini ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: peter.simmonds@ndm.ox.ac.uk (PS); Evelien.Adriaenssens@quadram.ac.uk (EMA); zerbini@ufv.br (FMZ)

  Affiliation Departamento de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil

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• Nicola G. A. Abrescia,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Structure and Cell Biology of Viruses Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences—BRTA, Derio, Spain, Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain

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• Pakorn Aiewsakun,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

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• Poliane Alfenas-Zerbini,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil

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• Yiming Bao,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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• Jakub Barylski,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Molecular Virology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland

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• Christian Drosten,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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• Siobain Duffy,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America

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• W. Paul Duprex,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation The Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

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• Bas E. Dutilh,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Institute of Biodiversity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany, Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Science for Life, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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• Santiago F. Elena,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain, Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America

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• Maria Laura García,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, CCT-La Plata, CONICET, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina

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• Sandra Junglen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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• Aris Katzourakis,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

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• Eugene V. Koonin,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Mart Krupovic,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Archaeal Virology Unit, Paris, France

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• Jens H. Kuhn,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

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• Amy J. Lambert,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

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• Elliot J. Lefkowitz,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

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• Małgorzata Łobocka,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

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• Cédric Lood,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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• Jennifer Mahony,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Microbiology and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

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• Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Bioinformatics and Databases, Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany

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• Arcady R. Mushegian,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, National Science Foundation, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America

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• Hanna M. Oksanen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Minna M. Poranen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Alejandro Reyes-Muñoz,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Max Planck Tandem Group in Computational Biology, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia

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• David L. Robertson,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom

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• Simon Roux,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America

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• Luisa Rubino,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, CNR, UOS Bari, Bari, Italy

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• Sead Sabanadzovic,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America

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• Stuart Siddell,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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• Tim Skern,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria

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• Donald B. Smith,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

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• Matthew B. Sullivan,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Departments of Microbiology and Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Nobuhiro Suzuki,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan

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• Dann Turner,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Applied Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom

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• Koenraad Van Doorslaer,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, and University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

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• Anne-Mieke Vandamme,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium, Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

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• Arvind Varsani,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

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•  [ ... ],
• Nikos Vasilakis

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pathology, Center of Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity and World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America

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