SARS-CoV-2 infects human brain organoids causing cell death and loss of synapses that can be rescued by treatment with Sofosbuvir

• Pinar Mesci ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pinar Mesci, Janaina S. de Souza, Laura Martin-Sancho, Angela Macia

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Janaina S. de Souza ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pinar Mesci, Janaina S. de Souza, Laura Martin-Sancho, Angela Macia

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Laura Martin-Sancho ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pinar Mesci, Janaina S. de Souza, Laura Martin-Sancho, Angela Macia

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Resources

  Affiliation Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Angela Macia ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pinar Mesci, Janaina S. de Souza, Laura Martin-Sancho, Angela Macia

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-0916

  ⨯
• Aurian Saleh,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Xin Yin,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Cedric Snethlage,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-3192

  ⨯
• Jason W. Adams,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Simoni H. Avansini,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

  ⨯
• Roberto H. Herai,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

  Affiliations Experimental Multiuser Laboratory (LEM), Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Research Department, Lico Kaesemodel Institute (ILK), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

  ⨯
• Angels Almenar-Queralt,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Yuan Pu,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-8452

  ⨯
• Ryan A. Szeto,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0213-4443

  ⨯
• Gabriela Goldberg,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5549-8801

  ⨯
• Patrick T. Bruck,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Fabio Papes,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5034-4088

  ⨯
• Sumit K. Chanda,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, United States of America

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•  [ ... ],
• Alysson R. Muotri

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: muotri@ucsd.edu

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Archealization Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0867-2875

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