The Cif proteins from Wolbachia prophage WO modify sperm genome integrity to establish cytoplasmic incompatibility

• Rupinder Kaur ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

  Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2132-8107

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• Brittany A. Leigh ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

  Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Isabella T. Ritchie,

  Roles Investigation, Validation

  Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Seth R. Bordenstein

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: s.bordenstein@vanderbilt.edu

  Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Microbiome Innovation Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-0954

  ⨯