The Genetic Architecture of Parallel Armor Plate Reduction in Threespine Sticklebacks

• Pamela F Colosimo ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pamela F Colosimo, Catherine L Peichel

  Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

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• Catherine L Peichel ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pamela F Colosimo, Catherine L Peichel

  Affiliation Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

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• Kirsten Nereng,

  Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

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• Benjamin K Blackman,

  Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

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• Michael D Shapiro,

  Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

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• Dolph Schluter,

  Affiliation University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

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• David M Kingsley

  *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kingsley@cmgm.stanford.edu

  Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

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