About the Authors

Yanying Yu

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nicole E. Wheeler

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Lars Barquist

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

lars.barquist@utoronto.ca

Affiliations Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany, Department of Biology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.