About the Authors

ManyBirds Project

Membership of the ManyBirds Project is listed in the Acknowledgments.

Rachael Miller

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

rmam3@cam.ac.uk (RM); Megan.Lambert@vetmeduni.ac.at (ML)

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

‡ These two authors are the ManyBirds Project Founders and Project Leads.

Affiliations Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Vedrana Šlipogor

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, The Sense Innovation and Research Centre, Lausanne & Sion, Lausanne, Switzerland, Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

Kai R. Caspar

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

Affiliations Department of Cell Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, Zoo Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

Jimena Lois-Milevicich

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

Affiliation Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución & IEGEBA—CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Carl Soulsbury

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

Affiliation School of Natural Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom

Stephan A. Reber

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

Affiliation Department of Cognitive Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

Claudia Mettke-Hofmann

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

Affiliation School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Megan Lambert

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

rmam3@cam.ac.uk (RM); Megan.Lambert@vetmeduni.ac.at (ML)

☯ These authors represent the ManyBirds Study 1 Leadership team (wider authorship team listed in alphabetical order).

‡ These two authors are the ManyBirds Project Founders and Project Leads.

Affiliation Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Benjamin J. Ashton

Roles Investigation, Supervision

Affiliation College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia

Alice M. I. Auersperg

Roles Resources

Affiliation Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Melissa Bateson

Roles Investigation, Supervision

Affiliation Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Solenne Belle

Roles Investigation

Affiliation CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France

Boris Bilčík

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,

Laura M. Biondi

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras—CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Francesco Bonadonna

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France

Desiree Brucks

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany, Department of Crop and Animal Sciences, Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Michael W. Butler

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Samuel P. Caro

Roles Investigation

Affiliation CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France

Marion Charrier

Roles Investigation

Affiliation UMR6552-Ethologie Animale et Humaine, CNRS, Universite de Rennes, Universite Caen Normandie, Rennes, France

Tiffany Chatelin

Roles Investigation

Affiliation UMR6552-Ethologie Animale et Humaine, CNRS, Universite de Rennes, Universite Caen Normandie, Rennes, France

Johnathan Ching

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Biology Department, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, United States of America

Nicola S. Clayton

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Benjamin J. Cluver

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ella B. Cochran

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America

Francesca Cornero

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Emily Danby

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Samara Danel

Roles Investigation

Affiliations CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America

Martina Darwich

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Acoustics Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria

James R. Davies

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Alicia de la Colina

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Departamento de Conservación e Investigación, Fundación Temaikèn, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Dominik Fischer

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Zoo Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany, Raptor Center & Wildlife Zoo Hellenthal, Hellenthal, Germany

Ondřej Fišer

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

Florencia Foitzick

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución & IEGEBA—CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Edward C. Galluccio

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

Clara Garcia-Co

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium

Elias Garcia-Pelegrin

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Mandai Wildlife Group, Singapore, Singapore

Isabelle George

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations UMR6552-Ethologie Animale et Humaine, CNRS, Universite de Rennes, Universite Caen Normandie, Rennes, France, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France

Kai-Philipp Gladow

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany

Raúl O. Gómez

Roles Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation CONICET‐Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Anna Grewer

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Zoo Krefeld gGmbH, Krefeld, Germany

Katie Grice

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Lauren M. Guillette

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada

Devon C. Hallihan

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Katie J. Harrington

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Frauke Heer

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Zoo Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany

Chloe Henry

Roles Investigation

Affiliation UMR6552-Ethologie Animale et Humaine, CNRS, Universite de Rennes, Universite Caen Normandie, Rennes, France

Vladimira Hodova

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,

Marisa Hoeschele

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Acoustics Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria

Cécilia Houdelier

Roles Investigation

Affiliation UMR6552-Ethologie Animale et Humaine, CNRS, Universite de Rennes, Universite Caen Normandie, Rennes, France

Paula Ibáñez de Aldecoa

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, University of Toulouse 1 Capitole, Toulouse, France

Oluwaseun Serah Iyasere

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Crop and Animal Sciences, Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria

Yuka Kanemitsu

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Mina Khodadadi

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

Duc Khong

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Biology Department, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, United States of America

Melanie G. Kimball

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America

Ariana N. Klappert

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Zoological Research Museum Koenig, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Lucy N. Koch

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Raptor Center & Wildlife Zoo Hellenthal, Hellenthal, Germany

Uta U. König von Borstel

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany

Lubor Košt’ál

Roles Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,

Anastasia Krasheninnikova

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Department of Behavioural Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Intelligence, Seewiesen, Germany, Max-Planck Comparative Cognition Research Station, Loro Parque Fundación, Tenerife, Spain

Lubica Kubikova

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,

Connor T. Lambert

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada

Daan W. Laméris

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliations Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium, Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Courtenay G. Lampert

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Oceane Larousse

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Faculté des Sciences, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Christine R. Lattin

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America

Zhongqiu Li

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Lab of Animal Behavior & Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

Michael Lindenmeier

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Zoological Research Museum Koenig, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Delia A. Lister

Roles Resources

Affiliation Department of Biology, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas, United States of America

Julia A. Mackenzie

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Selina Mainz

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of General Zoology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Danna Masri

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America

Jorg J. M. Massen

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Animal Behaviour and Cognition Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Avifauna Bird Park, Alphen a/d Rijn, The Netherlands

Laurenz Mohr

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of General Zoology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

Wendt Müller

Roles Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium

Paul M. Nealen

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Andreas Nieder

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Animal Physiology, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany

Aurèle Novac

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Department of Comparative Cognition, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

Nínive Paes Cavalcante

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución & IEGEBA—CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

Kristina Pascual

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Carla Pascual-Guàrdia

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Comparative Cognition, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

Ayushi Patel

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America

Katarína Pichová

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,

Cristina Pilenga

Roles Resources

Affiliation Zoomarine Italia, Rome, Italy

Laurent Prétôt

Roles Investigation, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Psychology and Counseling, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas, United States of America

John L. Quinn

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Elena Račevska

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Zagreb Zoo, Zagreb, Croatia

Juan C. Reboreda

Roles Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución & IEGEBA—CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Sam Reynolds

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Amanda R. Ridley

Roles Investigation, Supervision

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

Theresa Rössler

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Francisco Ruiz-Raya

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliations School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain

Marina Salas

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliation Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Beatriz C. Saldanha

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliations CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Vairão, Portugal

Sebastián M. Santiago

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución & IEGEBA—CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

Nikola Schlöglová

Roles Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Gia Seatriz

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Biology Department, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, United States of America

Eva Serrano-Davies

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands

Eva G. Shair Ali

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Janja Sirovnik

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Zuzana Skalná

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,

Katie E. Slocombe

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Masayo Soma

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Tiziana Srdoc

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Stefan Stanescu

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada

Michaela Syrová

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

Alex H. Taylor

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

Christopher N. Templeton

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Biology Department, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, United States of America, Department of Biology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America

Karlie Thompson

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Sandra Trigo

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliations CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Vairão, Portugal

Camille A. Troisi

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations UMR6552-Ethologie Animale et Humaine, CNRS, Universite de Rennes, Universite Caen Normandie, Rennes, France, Centre for Research on Ecology, Cognition and Behaviour of Birds, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

Utku Urhan

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

Maurice Valbert

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Max-Planck Comparative Cognition Research Station, Loro Parque Fundación, Tenerife, Spain

Kees van Oers

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands

Alberto Velando

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain

Frederick Verbruggen

Roles Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Research on Ecology, Cognition and Behaviour of Birds, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

Jorrit W. Verkleij

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Animal Behaviour and Cognition Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Alizée Vernouillet

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Research on Ecology, Cognition and Behaviour of Birds, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

Jonas Verspeek

Roles Investigation, Resources

Affiliations Department of Biology, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium, Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Petr Veselý

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

Auguste M. P. von Bayern

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Behavioural Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Intelligence, Seewiesen, Germany, Max-Planck Comparative Cognition Research Station, Loro Parque Fundación, Tenerife, Spain

Eline Waalders

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Benjamin A. Whittaker

Roles Investigation, Supervision

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada

Ella R. Williamson

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Vanessa A. D. Wilson

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Comparative Cognition, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, Department of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, School of Psychology and Social Work, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom

Michelle A. Winfield

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Biology Department, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, United States of America

Neslihan Wittek

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Department of Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

Karen K. L. Yeung

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada

Jade A. Zanutto

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Animal Behaviour and Cognition Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.