About the Authors

Stephen M. Kissler

Contributed equally to this work with: Stephen M. Kissler, Joseph R. Fauver, Christina Mack

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Joseph R. Fauver

Contributed equally to this work with: Stephen M. Kissler, Joseph R. Fauver, Christina Mack

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Christina Mack

Contributed equally to this work with: Stephen M. Kissler, Joseph R. Fauver, Christina Mack

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Real World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Scott W. Olesen

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Caroline Tai

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Real World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Kristin Y. Shiue

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Real World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Chaney C. Kalinich

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Sarah Jednak

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Isabel M. Ott

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Chantal B. F. Vogels

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Jay Wohlgemuth

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, California, United States of America

James Weisberger

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Bioreference Laboratories, Elmwood Park, New Jersey, United States of America

John DiFiori

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, United States of America, National Basketball Association, New York, New York, United States of America

Deverick J. Anderson

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Jimmie Mancell

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America

David D. Ho

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America

Nathan D. Grubaugh

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Yonatan H. Grad

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ygrad@hsph.harvard.edu

‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: JW is an employee of Quest Diagnostics. JW is an employee of Bioreference Laboratories. NDG has a consulting agreement for Tempus and receives financial support from Tempus to develop SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests. SMK, SWO, and YHG have a consulting agreement with the NBA.