About the Authors

Jinhua Lu

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Shuang Zhang

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Haruo Nakano

Current address: Innovative Drug Research Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

Affiliation Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

David G. Simmons

Current address: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Affiliation Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Shumin Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Shuangbo Kong

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Qiang Wang

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Lianju Shen

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Zhaowei Tu

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Weixiang Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Bingyan Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Hongmei Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Yanling Wang

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Johan H. van Es

Affiliation Hubrecht Institute, Netherlands Institute for Developmental Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Hans Clevers

Affiliation Hubrecht Institute, Netherlands Institute for Developmental Biology, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Gustavo Leone

Affiliation Departments of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, College of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

James C. Cross

hbwang@ioz.ac.cn (HBW); jcross@ucalgary.ca (JCC)

Affiliation Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Haibin Wang

hbwang@ioz.ac.cn (HBW); jcross@ucalgary.ca (JCC)

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

The author(s) have made the following declarations about their contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: JHL JCC HBW. Performed the experiments: JHL SZ HN DGS SMW SBK QW LJS ZWT BYW. Analyzed the data: JHL SZ HN DGS SMW QW LJS BYW HBW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JHvE HC GL HMW YLW BYW WXW. Wrote the paper: JHL JCC HBW.