About the Authors

Prithiviraj Fernando

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pf133@columbia.edu

Affiliations Center for Environmental Research and Conservation, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

T. N. C Vidya

Affiliation Center for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

John Payne

Affiliation World Wide Fund for Nature–Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Michael Stuewe

Affiliation Asian Rhino and Elephant Action Strategy Programme, World Wildlife Fund, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

Geoffrey Davison

Affiliation World Wide Fund for Nature–Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Raymond J Alfred

Affiliation World Wide Fund for Nature–Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Patrick Andau

Affiliation Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Edwin Bosi

Affiliation Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

Annelisa Kilbourn

† Deceased.

Affiliation Field Veterinary Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America

Don J Melnick

Affiliations Center for Environmental Research and Conservation, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no conflicts of interest exist.

Author Contributions

This project is part of an ongoing multicentre collaboration on elephant conservation. All authors on this manuscript contributed substantively to the work described herein.