Cesarean section and childhood infections: Causality for concern?

Gordon C. S. Smith

PLOS Medicine: published November 19, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003457

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Implementation science and the Health Resources and Services Administration’s Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program’s work towards ending the HIV epidemic in the United States

Demetrios Psihopaidas, Stacy M. Cohen, Tanchica West, Latham Avery, Antigone Dempsey, Kim Brown, Corliss Heath, Adan Cajina, Harold Phillips, Steve Young, April Stubbs-Smith, Laura W. Cheever

PLOS Medicine: published November 6, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003128

Qualitative process evaluation from a complex systems perspective: A systematic review and framework for public health evaluators

Elizabeth McGill, Dalya Marks, Vanessa Er, Tarra Penney, Mark Petticrew, Matt Egan

PLOS Medicine: published November 2, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003368

Estimated health benefits, costs, and cost-effectiveness of eliminating industrial trans-fatty acids in Australia: A modelling study

Matti Marklund, Miaobing Zheng, J. Lennert Veerman, Jason H. Y. Wu

PLOS Medicine: published November 2, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003407

Effects of health literacy, screening, and participant choice on action plans for reducing unhealthy snacking in Australia: A randomised controlled trial

Julie Ayre, Erin Cvejic, Carissa Bonner, Robin M. Turner, Stephen D. Walter, Kirsten J. McCaffery

PLOS Medicine: published November 3, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003409

Bone marrow microenvironments that contribute to patient outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A cohort study of patients in the Total Therapy clinical trials

Samuel A. Danziger, Mark McConnell, Jake Gockley, Mary H. Young, Adam Rosenthal, Frank Schmitz, David J. Reiss, Phil Farmer, Daisy V. Alapat, Amrit Singh, Cody Ashby, Michael Bauer, Yan Ren, Kelsie Smith, Suzana S. Couto, Frits van Rhee, Faith Davies, Maurizio Zangari, Nathan Petty, Robert Z. Orlowski, Madhav V. Dhodapkar, Wilbert B. Copeland, Brian Fox, Antje Hoering, Alison Fitch, Katie Newhall, Bart Barlogie, Matthew W. B. Trotter, Robert M. Hershberg, Brian A. Walker, Andrew P. Dervan, Alexander V. Ratushny, Gareth J. Morgan

PLOS Medicine: published November 4, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003323

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Paternal country of origin and adverse neonatal outcomes in births to foreign-born women in Norway: A population-based cohort study

Eline S. Vik, Vigdis Aasheim, Roy M. Nilsen, Rhonda Small, Dag Moster, Erica Schytt

PLOS Medicine: published November 4, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003395

Maternal dysglycaemia, changes in the infant’s epigenome modified with a diet and physical activity intervention in pregnancy: Secondary analysis of a randomised control trial

Elie Antoun, Negusse T. Kitaba, Philip Titcombe, Kathryn V. Dalrymple, Emma S. Garratt, Sheila J. Barton, Robert Murray, Paul T. Seed, Joanna D. Holbrook, Michael S. Kobor, David TS Lin, Julia L. MacIsaac, Graham C. Burdge, Sara L. White, Lucilla Poston, Keith M. Godfrey, Karen A. Lillycrop, UPBEAT Consortium

PLOS Medicine: published November 5, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003229

Evaluation of an intervention to provide brief support and personalized feedback on food shopping to reduce saturated fat intake (PC-SHOP): A randomized controlled trial

Carmen Piernas, Paul Aveyard, Charlotte Lee, Melina Tsiountsioura, Michaela Noreik, Nerys M. Astbury, Jason Oke, Claire Madigan, Susan A. Jebb

PLOS Medicine: published November 5, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003385

Predicting suicide attempt or suicide death following a visit to psychiatric specialty care: A machine learning study using Swedish national registry data

Qi Chen, Yanli Zhang-James, Eric J. Barnett, Paul Lichtenstein, Jussi Jokinen, Brian M. D’Onofrio, Stephen V. Faraone, Henrik Larsson, Seena Fazel

PLOS Medicine: published November 6, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003416

Violence prevention accelerators for children and adolescents in South Africa: A path analysis using two pooled cohorts

Lucie D. Cluver, William E. Rudgard, Elona Toska, Siyanai Zhou, Laurence Campeau, Yulia Shenderovich, Mark Orkin, Chris Desmond, Alexander Butchart, Howard Taylor, Franziska Meinck, Lorraine Sherr

PLOS Medicine: published November 9, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003383

Southeast Asian health system challenges and responses to the ‘Andaman Sea refugee crisis’: A qualitative study of health-sector perspectives from Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Thailand

Helena Legido-Quigley, Fiona Leh Hoon Chuah, Natasha Howard

PLOS Medicine: published November 10, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003143

Association between country preparedness indicators and quality clinical care for cardiovascular disease risk factors in 44 lower- and middle-income countries: A multicountry analysis of survey data

Justine I. Davies, Sumithra Krishnamurthy Reddiar, Lisa R. Hirschhorn, Cara Ebert, Maja-Emilia Marcus, Jacqueline A. Seiglie, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov, Adil Supiyev, Lela Sturua, Bahendeka K. Silver, Abla M. Sibai, Sarah Quesnel-Crooks, Bolormaa Norov, Joseph K. Mwangi, Omar Mwalim Omar, Roy Wong-McClure, Mary T. Mayige, Joao S. Martins, Nuno Lunet, Demetre Labadarios, Khem B. Karki, Gibson B. Kagaruki, Jutta M. A. Jorgensen, Nahla C. Hwalla, Dismand Houinato, Corine Houehanou, David Guwatudde, Mongal S. Gurung, Pascal Bovet, Brice W. Bicaba, Krishna K. Aryal, Mohamed Msaidié, Glennis Andall-Brereton, Garry Brian, Andrew Stokes, Sebastian Vollmer, Till Bärnighausen, Rifat Atun, Pascal Geldsetzer, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Lindsay M. Jaacks

PLOS Medicine: published November 10, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003268

A clinical score for identifying active tuberculosis while awaiting microbiological results: Development and validation of a multivariable prediction model in sub-Saharan Africa

Yeonsoo Baik, Hannah M. Rickman, Colleen F. Hanrahan, Lesego Mmolawa, Peter J. Kitonsa, Tsundzukana Sewelana, Annet Nalutaaya, Emily A. Kendall, Limakatso Lebina, Neil Martinson, Achilles Katamba, David W. Dowdy

PLOS Medicine: published November 10, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003420

Efficacy and safety of dolutegravir plus emtricitabine versus standard ART for the maintenance of HIV-1 suppression: 48-week results of the factorial, randomized, non-inferiority SIMPL’HIV trial

Delphine Sculier, Gilles Wandeler, Sabine Yerly, Annalisa Marinosci, Marcel Stoeckle, Enos Bernasconi, Dominique L. Braun, Pietro Vernazza, Matthias Cavassini, Marta Buzzi, Karin J. Metzner, Laurent A. Decosterd, Huldrych F. Günthard, Patrick Schmid, Andreas Limacher, Matthias Egger, Alexandra Calmy, and the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS)

PLOS Medicine: published November 10, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003421

Diagnostic performance of congestion score index evaluated from chest radiography for acute heart failure in the emergency department: A retrospective analysis from the PARADISE cohort

Masatake Kobayashi, Amine Douair, Kevin Duarte, Déborah Jaeger, Gaetan Giacomin, Adrien Bassand, Victor Jeangeorges, Laure Abensur Vuillaume, Gregoire Preud'homme, Olivier Huttin, Faiez Zannad, Patrick Rossignol, Tahar Chouihed, Nicolas Girerd

PLOS Medicine: published November 11, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003419

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Anticipatory changes in British household purchases of soft drinks associated with the announcement of the Soft Drinks Industry Levy: A controlled interrupted time series analysis

Nina T. Rogers, David Pell, Tarra L. Penney, Oliver Mytton, Adam Briggs, Steven Cummins, Mike Rayner, Harry Rutter, Peter Scarborough, Stephen J. Sharp, Richard D. Smith, Martin White, Jean Adams

PLOS Medicine: published November 12, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003269

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Health system interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

David Flood, Jessica Hane, Matthew Dunn, Sarah Jane Brown, Bradley H. Wagenaar, Elizabeth A. Rogers, Michele Heisler, Peter Rohloff, Vineet Chopra

PLOS Medicine: published November 12, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003434

Advance care planning in patients with advanced cancer: A 6-country, cluster-randomised clinical trial

Ida J. Korfage, Giulia Carreras, Caroline M. Arnfeldt Christensen, Pascalle Billekens, Louise Bramley, Linda Briggs, Francesco Bulli, Glenys Caswell, Branka Červ, Johannes J. M. van Delden, Luc Deliens, Lesley Dunleavy, Kim Eecloo, Giuseppe Gorini, Mogens Groenvold, Bud Hammes, Francesca Ingravallo, Lea J. Jabbarian, Marijke C. Kars, Hana Kodba-Čeh, Urska Lunder, Guido Miccinesi, Alenka Mimić, Polona Ozbič, Sheila A. Payne, Suzanne Polinder, Kristian Pollock, Nancy J. Preston, Jane Seymour, Anja Simonič, Anna Thit Johnsen, Alessandro Toccafondi, Mariëtte N. Verkissen, Andrew Wilcock, Marieke Zwakman, Agnes van der Heide, Judith A. C. Rietjens

PLOS Medicine: published November 13, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003422

Risk of colorectal cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: A Swedish nationwide cohort study

Uzair Ali Khan, Mahdi Fallah, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Sundquist, Hermann Brenner, Elham Kharazmi

PLOS Medicine: published November 13, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003431

Body mass index and risk of dying from a bloodstream infection: A Mendelian randomization study

Tormod Rogne, Erik Solligård, Stephen Burgess, Ben M. Brumpton, Julie Paulsen, Hallie C. Prescott, Randi M. Mohus, Lise T. Gustad, Arne Mehl, Bjørn O. Åsvold, Andrew T. DeWan, Jan K. Damås

PLOS Medicine: published November 16, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003413

Evaluation of an unconditional cash transfer program targeting children’s first-1,000–days linear growth in rural Togo: A cluster-randomized controlled trial

Justine Briaux, Yves Martin-Prevel, Sophie Carles, Sonia Fortin, Yves Kameli, Laura Adubra, Andréa Renk, Yawavi Agboka, Magali Romedenne, Félicité Mukantambara, John Van Dyck, Joachim Boko, Renaud Becquet, Mathilde Savy

PLOS Medicine: published November 17, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003388

Plant-based diets and incident metabolic syndrome: Results from a South Korean prospective cohort study

Hyunju Kim, Kyueun Lee, Casey M. Rebholz, Jihye Kim

PLOS Medicine: published November 18, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003371

Evaluating smartphone strategies for reliability, reproducibility, and quality of VIA for cervical cancer screening in the Shiselweni region of Eswatini: A cohort study

Ramin Asgary, Nelly Staderini, Simangele Mthethwa-Hleta, Paola Andrea Lopez Saavedra, Linda Garcia Abrego, Barbara Rusch, Tombo Marie Luce, Lorraine Rusike Pasipamire, Mgcineni Ndlangamandla, Elena Beideck, Bernhard Kerschberger

PLOS Medicine: published November 19, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003378

The risk of Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia after P. falciparum malaria: An individual patient data meta-analysis from the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network

Mohammad S. Hossain, Robert J. Commons, Nicholas M. Douglas, Kamala Thriemer, Bereket H. Alemayehu, Chanaki Amaratunga, Anupkumar R. Anvikar, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Puji B. S. Asih, Verena I. Carrara, Chanthap Lon, Umberto D’Alessandro, Timothy M. E. Davis, Arjen M. Dondorp, Michael D. Edstein, Rick M. Fairhurst, Marcelo U. Ferreira, Jimee Hwang, Bart Janssens, Harin Karunajeewa, Jean R. Kiechel, Simone Ladeia-Andrade, Moses Laman, Mayfong Mayxay, Rose McGready, Brioni R. Moore, Ivo Mueller, Paul N. Newton, Nguyen T. Thuy-Nhien, Harald Noedl, Francois Nosten, Aung P. Phyo, Jeanne R. Poespoprodjo, David L. Saunders, Frank Smithuis, Michele D. Spring, Kasia Stepniewska, Seila Suon, Yupin Suputtamongkol, Din Syafruddin, Hien T. Tran, Neena Valecha, Michel Van Herp, Michele Van Vugt, Nicholas J. White, Philippe J. Guerin, Julie A. Simpson, Ric N. Price

PLOS Medicine: published November 19, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003393

Mode of birth and risk of infection-related hospitalisation in childhood: A population cohort study of 7.17 million births from 4 high-income countries

Jessica E. Miller, Raphael Goldacre, Hannah C. Moore, Justin Zeltzer, Marian Knight, Carole Morris, Sian Nowell, Rachael Wood, Kim W. Carter, Parveen Fathima, Nicholas de Klerk, Tobias Strunk, Jiong Li, Natasha Nassar, Lars H. Pedersen, David P. Burgner

PLOS Medicine: published November 19, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003429

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The impact of voluntary front-of-pack nutrition labelling on packaged food reformulation: A difference-in-differences analysis of the Australasian Health Star Rating scheme

Laxman Bablani, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Bruce Neal, Christopher L. Skeels, Kevin E. Staub, Tony Blakely

PLOS Medicine: published November 20, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003427

Genetic and pharmacological relationship between P-glycoprotein and increased cardiovascular risk associated with clarithromycin prescription: An epidemiological and genomic population-based cohort study in Scotland, UK

Ify R. Mordi, Benjamin K. Chan, N. David Yanez, Colin N. A. Palmer, Chim C. Lang, James D. Chalmers

PLOS Medicine: published November 23, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003372

Risk factors during first 1,000 days of life for carotid intima-media thickness in infants, children, and adolescents: A systematic review with meta-analyses

Adina Mihaela Epure, Magali Rios-Leyvraz, Daniela Anker, Stefano Di Bernardo, Bruno R. da Costa, Arnaud Chiolero, Nicole Sekarski

PLOS Medicine: published November 23, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003414

Assessment of deep neural networks for the diagnosis of benign and malignant skin neoplasms in comparison with dermatologists: A retrospective validation study

Seung Seog Han, Ik Jun Moon, Seong Hwan Kim, Jung-Im Na, Myoung Shin Kim, Gyeong Hun Park, Ilwoo Park, Keewon Kim, Woohyung Lim, Ju Hee Lee, Sung Eun Chang

PLOS Medicine: published November 25, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003381

Estimated impact of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine allocation strategies in sub-Saharan Africa: A modelling study

Alexandra B. Hogan, Peter Winskill, Azra C. Ghani

PLOS Medicine: published November 30, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003377