October 2006

The cover image takes its theme from Dorothy Porter's article, which looks at the historical roots of social medicine and asks where it is heading. The article is part of a special collection of eleven magazine pieces and five original research papers examining social and cultural aspects of medicine and health and the socioeconomic determinants of disease.

Image Credit: Cover design by Natalie Davis, Public Library of Science, with images from the US Library of Congress (an image used by Dorothy Porter in her article) and Tavis Ford

Editorial

Social Medicine in the Twenty-First Century

Scott Stonington, Seth M Holmes, The PLoS Medicine Editors

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030445

The PLoS Medicine Debate

Is It Ethical for Patients with Renal Disease to Purchase Kidneys from the World's Poor?

Tarif Bakdash, Nancy Scheper-Hughes

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030349

Essays

Health Is Still Social: Contemporary Examples in the Age of the Genome

Timothy H Holtz, Seth Holmes, Scott Stonington, Leon Eisenberg

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030419

How Did Social Medicine Evolve, and Where Is It Heading?

Dorothy Porter

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030399

Anthropology in the Clinic: The Problem of Cultural Competency and How to Fix It

Arthur Kleinman, Peter Benson

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030294

“Anecdotal Evidence”: Why Narratives Matter to Medical Practice

Rafael Campo

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030423

Is There a Global Bioethics? End-of-Life in Thailand and the Case for Local Difference

Scott Stonington, Pinit Ratanakul

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030439

Ethnic Disparities in Health: The Public's Role in Working for Equality

David Satcher

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030405

Five Myths about the HIV Epidemic in Asia

Peter Godwin, Nigel O'Farrell, Knut Fylkesnes, Sujaya Misra

PLOS Medicine: published October 3, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030426

HIV, Stigma, and Rates of Infection: A Rumour without Evidence

Daniel D Reidpath, Kit Yee Chan

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030435

Perspectives

How Important Is Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular and Other Diseases in Older Adults?

Andre Pascal Kengne, Anushka Patel

PLOS Medicine: published October 17, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030424

Can the Severity of Normal Tissue Damage after Radiation Therapy Be Predicted?

Adrian C Begg

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030440

The Migrainous Brain: What You See Is Not All You Get?

Peter J Goadsby

PLOS Medicine: published October 17, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030404

Can We Prevent, Delay, or Shorten the Course of Dementia?

Willem A Van Gool

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030430

Complement Factor H Gene Abnormalities in Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome: From Point Mutations to Hybrid Gene

Marina Noris, Giuseppe Remuzzi

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030432

Policy Forums

Structural Violence and Clinical Medicine

Paul E Farmer, Bruce Nizeye, Sara Stulac, Salmaan Keshavjee

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030449

Time to Regenerate: Ecosystems and Health Promotion

Colin D Butler, Sharon Friel

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030394

Priority Setting for Pandemic Influenza: An Analysis of National Preparedness Plans

Lori Uscher-Pines, Saad B Omer, Daniel J Barnett, Thomas A Burke, Ran D Balicer

PLOS Medicine: published October 17, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030436

Estimating the Demand for a Preventive HIV Vaccine: Why We Need to Do Better

Robert Hecht, Chutima Suraratdecha

PLOS Medicine: published September 5, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030398

Responding to AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria, and Emerging Infectious Diseases in Burma: Dilemmas of Policy and Practice

Chris Beyrer, Voravit Suwanvanichkij, Luke C Mullany, Adam K Richards, Nicole Franck, Aaron Samuels, Thomas J Lee

PLOS Medicine: published October 10, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030393

Research in Translation

HIV-1 Viral Load Assays for Resource-Limited Settings

Susan A Fiscus, Ben Cheng, Suzanne M Crowe, Lisa Demeter, Cheryl Jennings, Veronica Miller, Richard Respess, Wendy Stevens, and the Forum for Collaborative HIV Research Alternative Viral Load Assay Working Group

PLOS Medicine: published October 10, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030417

Best Practice

Antidepressant Prevention of Postnatal Depression

Louise M Howard, Elizabeth Boath, Carol Henshaw

PLOS Medicine: published October 3, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030389

Student Forum

Why Should Medical Students Care about Health Policy?

Rajesh Gupta

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030199

Research Articles

Reconstructing Tuberculosis Services after Major Conflict: Experiences and Lessons Learned in East Timor

Nelson Martins, Paul M Kelly, Jocelyn A Grace, Anthony B Zwi

PLOS Medicine: published August 22, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030383

Insights into the Management of Emerging Infections: Regulating Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Transfusion Risk in the UK and the US

Maya L Ponte

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030342

An Ethnographic Study of the Social Context of Migrant Health in the United States

Seth M Holmes

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030448

Indigenous Health and Socioeconomic Status in India

S. V Subramanian, George Davey Smith, Malavika Subramanyam

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030421

Reinterpreting Ethnic Patterns among White and African American Men Who Inject Heroin: A Social Science of Medicine Approach

Philippe Bourgois, Alexis Martinez, Alex Kral, Brian R Edlin, Jeff Schonberg, Dan Ciccarone

PLOS Medicine: published October 24, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030452

A Comparative Analysis of Influenza Vaccination Programs

Shweta Bansal, Babak Pourbohloul, Lauren Ancel Meyers

PLOS Medicine: published October 3, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030387

Empirical Evidence for the Effect of Airline Travel on Inter-Regional Influenza Spread in the United States

John S Brownstein, Cecily J Wolfe, Kenneth D Mandl

PLOS Medicine: published September 12, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030401

Tuberculosis Recurrence and Mortality after Successful Treatment: Impact of Drug Resistance

Helen Cox, Yared Kebede, Sholpan Allamuratova, Gabit Ismailov, Zamira Davletmuratova, Graham Byrnes, Christine Stone, Stefan Niemann, Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes, Lucie Blok, Daribay Doshetov

PLOS Medicine: published October 3, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030384

Cost-Effectiveness Study of Three Antimalarial Drug Combinations in Tanzania

Virginia Wiseman, Michelle Kim, Theonest K Mutabingwa, Christopher J. M Whitty

PLOS Medicine: published October 10, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030373

HLA Alleles Associated with Delayed Progression to AIDS Contribute Strongly to the Initial CD8⁺ T Cell Response against HIV-1

Marcus Altfeld, Elizabeth T Kalife, Ying Qi, Hendrik Streeck, Mathias Lichterfeld, Mary N Johnston, Nicole Burgett, Martha E Swartz, Amy Yang, Galit Alter, Xu G Yu, Angela Meier, Juergen K Rockstroh, Todd M Allen, Heiko Jessen, Eric S Rosenberg, Mary Carrington, Bruce D Walker

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030403

Dysfunctional KEAP1–NRF2 Interaction in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Anju Singh, Vikas Misra, Rajesh K Thimmulappa, Hannah Lee, Stephen Ames, Mohammad O Hoque, James G Herman, Stephen B Baylin, David Sidransky, Edward Gabrielson, Malcolm V Brock, Shyam Biswal

PLOS Medicine: published October 3, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030420

Combining Information from Common Type 2 Diabetes Risk Polymorphisms Improves Disease Prediction

Michael N Weedon, Mark I McCarthy, Graham Hitman, Mark Walker, Christopher J Groves, Eleftheria Zeggini, N. William Rayner, Beverley Shields, Katharine R Owen, Andrew T Hattersley, Timothy M Frayling

PLOS Medicine: published October 3, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030374

Mortality in Pharmacologically Treated Older Adults with Diabetes: The Cardiovascular Health Study, 1989–2001

Richard A Kronmal, Joshua I Barzilay, Nicholas L Smith, Bruce M Psaty, Lewis H Kuller, Gregory L Burke, Curt Furberg

PLOS Medicine: published October 17, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030400

Lentiviral Gene Transfer of Rpe65 Rescues Survival and Function of Cones in a Mouse Model of Leber Congenital Amaurosis

Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans, Corinne Kostic, Sylvain V Crippa, William W Hauswirth, Janis Lem, Francis L Munier, Mathias W Seeliger, Andreas Wenzel, Yvan Arsenijevic

PLOS Medicine: published October 10, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030347

Analysis of Gene Expression Using Gene Sets Discriminates Cancer Patients with and without Late Radiation Toxicity

J. Peter Svensson, Lukas J. A Stalpers, Rebecca E. E. Esveldt–van Lange, Nicolaas A. P Franken, Jaap Haveman, Binie Klein, Ingela Turesson, Harry Vrieling, Micheline Giphart-Gassler

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030422

Anatomical Alterations of the Visual Motion Processing Network in Migraine with and without Aura

Cristina Granziera, Alexandre F. M DaSilva, Josh Snyder, David S Tuch, Nouchine Hadjikhani

PLOS Medicine: published October 17, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030402

Dementia before Death in Ageing Societies— The Promise of Prevention and the Reality

Carol Brayne, Lu Gao, Michael Dewey, Fiona E Matthews, Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study Investigators

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030397

Methods of Blinding in Reports of Randomized Controlled Trials Assessing Pharmacologic Treatments: A Systematic Review

Isabelle Boutron, Candice Estellat, Lydia Guittet, Agnes Dechartres, David L Sackett, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, Philippe Ravaud

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030425

A Population-Based Study on Alcohol and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors in Botswana

Sheri D Weiser, Karen Leiter, Michele Heisler, Willi McFarland, Fiona Percy-de Korte, Sonya M DeMonner, Sheila Tlou, Nthabiseng Phaladze, Vincent Iacopino, David R Bangsberg

PLOS Medicine: published October 10, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030392

Time to Renal Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in PROFILE: A Multiethnic Lupus Cohort

Graciela S Alarcón, Gerald McGwin Jr., Michelle Petri, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, Barri J Fessler, Luis M Vilá, Jeffrey C Edberg, John D Reveille, Robert P Kimberly, for the PROFILE Study Group

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030396

Atypical Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome Associated with a Hybrid Complement Gene

Julian P Venables, Lisa Strain, Danny Routledge, David Bourn, Helen M Powell, Paul Warwicker, Martha L Diaz-Torres, Anne Sampson, Paul Mead, Michelle Webb, Yves Pirson, Michael S Jackson, Anne Hughes, Katrina M Wood, Judith A Goodship, Timothy H. J Goodship

PLOS Medicine: published October 31, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030431

Cover

Social Medicine across the Ages.

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