September 2009

Mammal tooth structure varies from toothed, to toothed but enamelless, to toothless, of which the skulls of two are shown here (top: a toothed but enamelless Choloepus hoffmanni, the two-toed sloth; bottom: a toothed Sus scrofa, the wild pig—the top image is 1/5 the scale of the bottom image). A Research Article in this issue of PLoS Genetics (see Meredith et al., 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000634) synthesizes paleontological data using ages of fossils and molecular data on the enamelin gene (ENAM) to decipher the evolutionary transitions of teeth in mammals. Just as teeth decay during life, so do the molecular sequences of ENAM over evolutionary time. Rob DeSalle offers an accompanying Perspective.

Image Credit: Digital Morphology, A National Science Foundation Digital Library at The University of Texas at Austin, http://digimorph.org/

Interview

Wonderful Life: An Interview with Herb Boyer

Jane Gitschier

PLOS Genetics: published September 25, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000653

Perspectives

Identification of a Cardiac Disease Modifier Gene Using Forward Genetics in the Mouse

William T. Pu

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000643

Molecular Tooth Decay

Rob DeSalle

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000655

Research Articles

A Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identified a Novel Susceptible Locus for Pathological Myopia at 11q24.1

Hideo Nakanishi, Ryo Yamada, Norimoto Gotoh, Hisako Hayashi, Kenji Yamashiro, Noriaki Shimada, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Manabu Mochizuki, Masaaki Saito, Tomohiro Iida, Keitaro Matsuo, Kazuo Tajima, Nagahisa Yoshimura, Fumihiko Matsuda

PLOS Genetics: published September 25, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000660

Notch Is a Critical Component of the Mouse Somitogenesis Oscillator and Is Essential for the Formation of the Somites

Zoltan Ferjentsik, Shinichi Hayashi, J. Kim Dale, Yasumasa Bessho, An Herreman, Bart De Strooper, Gonzalo del Monte, Jose Luis de la Pompa, Miguel Maroto

PLOS Genetics: published September 25, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000662

Imprinting of the Polycomb Group Gene MEDEA Serves as a Ploidy Sensor in Arabidopsis

Aleksandra Erilova, Lynette Brownfield, Vivien Exner, Marisa Rosa, David Twell, Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid, Lars Hennig, Claudia Köhler

PLOS Genetics: published September 25, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000663

An RNA Transport System in Candida albicans Regulates Hyphal Morphology and Invasive Growth

Sarah L. Elson, Suzanne M. Noble, Norma V. Solis, Scott G. Filler, Alexander D. Johnson

PLOS Genetics: published September 25, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000664

Balancing Selection of a Frame-Shift Mutation in the MRC2 Gene Accounts for the Outbreak of the Crooked Tail Syndrome in Belgian Blue Cattle

Corinne Fasquelle, Arnaud Sartelet, Wanbo Li, Marc Dive, Nico Tamma, Charles Michaux, Tom Druet, Ivo J. Huijbers, Clare M. Isacke, Wouter Coppieters, Michel Georges, Carole Charlier

PLOS Genetics: published September 25, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000666

Xpf and Not the Fanconi Anaemia Proteins or Rev3 Accounts for the Extreme Resistance to Cisplatin in Dictyostelium discoideum

Xiao-Yin Zhang, Judith Langenick, David Traynor, M. Madan Babu, Rob R. Kay, Ketan J. Patel

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000645

Redundant and Specific Roles of the ARGONAUTE Proteins AGO1 and ZLL in Development and Small RNA-Directed Gene Silencing

Allison C. Mallory, Annika Hinze, Matthew R. Tucker, Nicolas Bouché, Virginie Gasciolli, Taline Elmayan, Dominique Lauressergues, Vincent Jauvion, Hervé Vaucheret, Thomas Laux

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000646

Tnni3k Modifies Disease Progression in Murine Models of Cardiomyopathy

Ferrin C. Wheeler, Hao Tang, Odessa A. Marks, Tracy N. Hadnott, Pei-Lun Chu, Lan Mao, Howard A. Rockman, Douglas A. Marchuk

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000647

Genetic Analysis of Variation in Human Meiotic Recombination

Reshmi Chowdhury, Philippe R. J. Bois, Eleanor Feingold, Stephanie L. Sherman, Vivian G. Cheung

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000648

A Role of SCN9A in Human Epilepsies, As a Cause of Febrile Seizures and As a Potential Modifier of Dravet Syndrome

Nanda A. Singh, Chris Pappas, E. Jill Dahle, Lieve R. F. Claes, Timothy H. Pruess, Peter De Jonghe, Joel Thompson, Missy Dixon, Christina Gurnett, Andy Peiffer, H. Steve White, Francis Filloux, Mark F. Leppert

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000649

Multiple Organ System Defects and Transcriptional Dysregulation in the Nipbl^+/− Mouse, a Model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome

Shimako Kawauchi, Anne L. Calof, Rosaysela Santos, Martha E. Lopez-Burks, Clint M. Young, Michelle P. Hoang, Abigail Chua, Taotao Lao, Mark S. Lechner, Jeremy A. Daniel, Andre Nussenzweig, Leonard Kitzes, Kyoko Yokomori, Benedikt Hallgrimsson, Arthur D. Lander

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000650

Global Analysis of Extracytoplasmic Stress Signaling in Escherichia coli

Stéphanie Bury-Moné, Yanoura Nomane, Nancie Reymond, Romain Barbet, Eric Jacquet, Sandrine Imbeaud, Annick Jacq, Philippe Bouloc

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000651

Fast Growth Increases the Selective Advantage of a Mutation Arising Recurrently during Evolution under Metal Limitation

Hsin-Hung Chou, Julia Berthet, Christopher J. Marx

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000652

A High Throughput Genetic Screen Identifies New Early Meiotic Recombination Functions in Arabidopsis thaliana

Arnaud De Muyt, Lucie Pereira, Daniel Vezon, Liudmila Chelysheva, Ghislaine Gendrot, Aurélie Chambon, Sandrine Lainé-Choinard, Georges Pelletier, Raphaël Mercier, Fabien Nogué, Mathilde Grelon

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000654

RAD50 Is Required for Efficient Initiation of Resection and Recombinational Repair at Random, γ-Induced Double-Strand Break Ends

Jim Westmoreland, Wenjian Ma, Yan Yan, Kelly Van Hulle, Anna Malkova, Michael A. Resnick

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000656

Nucleolar Proteins Suppress Caenorhabditis elegans Innate Immunity by Inhibiting p53/CEP-1

Laura E. Fuhrman, Ajay Kumar Goel, Jason Smith, Kevin V. Shianna, Alejandro Aballay

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000657

Broad-Scale Recombination Patterns Underlying Proper Disjunction in Humans

Adi Fledel-Alon, Daniel J. Wilson, Karl Broman, Xiaoquan Wen, Carole Ober, Graham Coop, Molly Przeworski

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000658

Segregating YKU80 and TLC1 Alleles Underlying Natural Variation in Telomere Properties in Wild Yeast

Gianni Liti, Svasti Haricharan, Francisco A. Cubillos, Anna L. Tierney, Sarah Sharp, Alison A. Bertuch, Leopold Parts, Elizabeth Bailes, Edward J. Louis

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000659

Meiotic Recombination in Human Oocytes

Edith Y. Cheng, Patricia A. Hunt, Theresa A. Naluai-Cecchini, Corrine L. Fligner, Victor Y. Fujimoto, Tanya L. Pasternack, Jackie M. Schwartz, Jody E. Steinauer, Tracey J. Woodruff, Sheila M. Cherry, Terah A. Hansen, Rhea U. Vallente, Karl W. Broman, Terry J. Hassold

PLOS Genetics: published September 18, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000661

A Transcription Elongation Factor That Links Signals from the Reproductive System to Lifespan Extension in Caenorhabditis elegans

Arjumand Ghazi, Sivan Henis-Korenblit, Cynthia Kenyon

PLOS Genetics: published September 11, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000639

A Role for E2F Activities in Determining the Fate of Myc-Induced Lymphomagenesis

Rachel E. Rempel, Seiichi Mori, Maura Gasparetto, Michele A. Glozak, Eran R. Andrechek, Steven B. Adler, Nina M. Laakso, Anand S. Lagoo, Robert Storms, Clay Smith, Joseph R. Nevins

PLOS Genetics: published September 11, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000640

The Evolutionary Origin of Man Can Be Traced in the Layers of Defunct Ancestral Alpha Satellites Flanking the Active Centromeres of Human Chromosomes

Valery A. Shepelev, Alexander A. Alexandrov, Yuri B. Yurov, Ivan A. Alexandrov

PLOS Genetics: published September 11, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000641

A Systems Genetics Approach Implicates USF1, FADS3, and Other Causal Candidate Genes for Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia

Christopher L. Plaisier, Steve Horvath, Adriana Huertas-Vazquez, Ivette Cruz-Bautista, Miguel F. Herrera, Teresa Tusie-Luna, Carlos Aguilar-Salinas, Päivi Pajukanta

PLOS Genetics: published September 11, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000642

Windei, the Drosophila Homolog of mAM/MCAF1, Is an Essential Cofactor of the H3K9 Methyl Transferase dSETDB1/Eggless in Germ Line Development

Carmen M. Koch, Mona Honemann-Capito, Diane Egger-Adam, Andreas Wodarz

PLOS Genetics: published September 11, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000644

Establishment of Cohesion at the Pericentromere by the Ctf19 Kinetochore Subcomplex and the Replication Fork-Associated Factor, Csm3

Josefin Fernius, Adele L. Marston

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000629

Evidence for Different Pathways during Horizontal Gene Transfer in Competent Bacillus subtilis Cells

Dawit Kidane, Begoña Carrasco, Candela Manfredi, Katharina Rothmaier, Silvia Ayora, Serkalem Tadesse, Juan C. Alonso, Peter L. Graumann

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000630

The Ataxia (ax^J) Mutation Causes Abnormal GABA_A Receptor Turnover in Mice

Corinna Lappe-Siefke, Sven Loebrich, Wulf Hevers, Oliver B. Waidmann, Michaela Schweizer, Susanne Fehr, Jean-Marc Fritschy, Ivan Dikic, Jens Eilers, Scott M. Wilson, Matthias Kneussel

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000631

Structural Features of Single-Stranded Integron Cassette attC Sites and Their Role in Strand Selection

Marie Bouvier, Magaly Ducos-Galand, Céline Loot, David Bikard, Didier Mazel

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000632

Regulation of Ubx Expression by Epigenetic Enhancer Silencing in Response to Ubx Levels and Genetic Variation

Michael A. Crickmore, Vikram Ranade, Richard S. Mann

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000633

Molecular Decay of the Tooth Gene Enamelin (ENAM) Mirrors the Loss of Enamel in the Fossil Record of Placental Mammals

Robert W. Meredith, John Gatesy, William J. Murphy, Oliver A. Ryder, Mark S. Springer

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000634

GASZ Is Essential for Male Meiosis and Suppression of Retrotransposon Expression in the Male Germline

Lang Ma, Gregory M. Buchold, Michael P. Greenbaum, Angshumoy Roy, Kathleen H. Burns, Huifeng Zhu, Derek Y. Han, R. Alan Harris, Cristian Coarfa, Preethi H. Gunaratne, Wei Yan, Martin M. Matzuk

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000635

Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Signalling Regulates the Avoidance Response to Nose Touch in Caenorhabditis elegans

Denise S. Walker, Rafael P. Vázquez-Manrique, Nicholas J. D. Gower, Elizabeth Gregory, William R. Schafer, Howard A. Baylis

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000636

The Variant rs1867277 in FOXE1 Gene Confers Thyroid Cancer Susceptibility through the Recruitment of USF1/USF2 Transcription Factors

Iñigo Landa, Sergio Ruiz-Llorente, Cristina Montero-Conde, Lucía Inglada-Pérez, Francesca Schiavi, Susanna Leskelä, Guillermo Pita, Roger Milne, Javier Maravall, Ignacio Ramos, Víctor Andía, Paloma Rodríguez-Poyo, Antonino Jara-Albarrán, Amparo Meoro, Cristina del Peso, Luis Arribas, Pedro Iglesias, Javier Caballero, Joaquín Serrano, Antonio Picó, Francisco Pomares, Gabriel Giménez, Pedro López-Mondéjar, Roberto Castello, Isabella Merante-Boschin, Maria-Rosa Pelizzo, Didac Mauricio, Giuseppe Opocher, Cristina Rodríguez-Antona, Anna González-Neira, Xavier Matías-Guiu, Pilar Santisteban, Mercedes Robledo

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000637

PHYTOCHROME B and HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6 Control Light-Induced Chromatin Compaction in Arabidopsis thaliana

Federico Tessadori, Martijn van Zanten, Penka Pavlova, Rachel Clifton, Frédéric Pontvianne, L. Basten Snoek, Frank F. Millenaar, Roeland Kees Schulkes, Roel van Driel, Laurentius A. C. J. Voesenek, Charles Spillane, Craig S. Pikaard, Paul Fransz, Anton J. M. Peeters

PLOS Genetics: published September 4, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000638

Cover

Toothed, but enamelless, and toothed mammals.

Interview

Perspectives

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Research Articles

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