A frog with three sex chromosomes that co-mingle together in nature: Xenopus tropicalis has a degenerate W and a Y that evolved from a Z chromosome

• Benjamin L. S. Furman,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada

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• Caroline M. S. Cauret,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-5450

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• Martin Knytl,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada, Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, 7 Vinicna Street, Prague, 12843, Czech Republic

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6325-6957

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• Xue-Ying Song,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada

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• Tharindu Premachandra,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada

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• Caleb Ofori-Boateng,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana

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• Danielle C. Jordan,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering and National Xenopus Resource, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-7724

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• Marko E. Horb,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering and National Xenopus Resource, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5067-0518

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• Ben J. Evans

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: evansb@mcmaster.ca

  Affiliation Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9512-8845

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