Dominant Role of Nucleotide Substitution in the Diversification of Serotype 3 Pneumococci over Decades and during a Single Infection

• Nicholas J. Croucher ,

  * E-mail: nc3@sanger.ac.uk (NJC); t.j.mitchell@bham.ac.uk (TJM)

  Affiliations Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

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• Andrea M. Mitchell,

  Affiliation Institute of Microbiology and Infection and School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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• Katherine A. Gould,

  Affiliation Bacterial Microarray Group, Division of Clinical Sciences, St. George's Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom

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• Donald Inverarity,

  Affiliation Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

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• Lars Barquist,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Theresa Feltwell,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Maria C. Fookes,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Simon R. Harris,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Janina Dordel,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Susannah J. Salter,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Sarah Browall,

  Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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• Helena Zemlickova,

  Affiliation National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic

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• Julian Parkhill,

  Affiliation Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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• Staffan Normark,

  Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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• Birgitta Henriques-Normark,

  Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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• Jason Hinds,

  Affiliation Bacterial Microarray Group, Division of Clinical Sciences, St. George's Hospital, University of London, London, United Kingdom

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• Tim J. Mitchell ,

  * E-mail: nc3@sanger.ac.uk (NJC); t.j.mitchell@bham.ac.uk (TJM)

  Affiliation Institute of Microbiology and Infection and School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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•  [ ... ],
• Stephen D. Bentley

  Affiliations Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom

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