Extensive Evolutionary Changes in Regulatory Element Activity during Human Origins Are Associated with Altered Gene Expression and Positive Selection

• Yoichiro Shibata ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yoichiro Shibata, Nathan C. Sheffield

  Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Nathan C. Sheffield ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yoichiro Shibata, Nathan C. Sheffield

  Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Olivier Fedrigo,

  Affiliations Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Courtney C. Babbitt,

  Affiliations Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Matthew Wortham,

  Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Alok K. Tewari,

  Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Darin London,

  Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Lingyun Song,

  Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Bum-Kyu Lee,

  Affiliation Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

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• Vishwanath R. Iyer,

  Affiliation Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

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• Stephen C. J. Parker,

  Affiliation Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Elliott H. Margulies,

  Affiliation Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

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• Gregory A. Wray ,

  * E-mail: greg.wray@duke.edu (GAW); terry.furey@unc.edu (TSF); greg.crawford@duke.edu (GEC)

  Affiliations Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Terrence S. Furey ,

  * E-mail: greg.wray@duke.edu (GAW); terry.furey@unc.edu (TSF); greg.crawford@duke.edu (GEC)

  Affiliations Department of Genetics, Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Biology, Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Gregory E. Crawford

  * E-mail: greg.wray@duke.edu (GAW); terry.furey@unc.edu (TSF); greg.crawford@duke.edu (GEC)

  Affiliations Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

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