About the Authors

Sridharan Raghavan

Contributed equally to this work with: Sridharan Raghavan, Jie Huang

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Sridharan.raghavan@cuanschutz.edu

Affiliations Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America

Jie Huang

Contributed equally to this work with: Sridharan Raghavan, Jie Huang

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

Catherine Tcheandjieu

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Jennifer E. Huffman

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Elizabeth Litkowski

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America

Chang Liu

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation

Affiliations Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Yuk-Lam A. Ho

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Haley Hunter-Zinck

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Hongyu Zhao

Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Eirini Marouli

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Kari E. North

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

the VA Million Veteran Program
Ethan Lange

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America

Leslie A. Lange

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America

Benjamin F. Voight

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

J. Michael Gaziano

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Saiju Pyarajan

Roles Data curation, Resources, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Elizabeth R. Hauser

Roles Resources, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center- Durham, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Philip S. Tsao

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Peter W. F. Wilson

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Kyong-Mi Chang

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Kelly Cho

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christopher J. O’Donnell

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Yan V. Sun

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Themistocles L. Assimes

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: CJO is a full-time employee of Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research. The remaining authors have declared that no competing interests exist.