About the Authors

Cassandra R. Diegel

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment and Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Steven Hann

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation

Affiliation Orthopedic Research Labs, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ugur M. Ayturk

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Orthopedic Research Labs, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, New York, New York, United States of America

Jennifer C. W. Hu

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Orthopedic Research Labs, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Kyung-eun Lim

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Casey J. Droscha

Roles Conceptualization

Affiliation Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment and Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Zachary B. Madaj

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Gabrielle E. Foxa

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment and Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Isaac Izaguirre

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment and Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

VAI Vivarium and Transgenics Core

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Vivarium and Transgenics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Noorulain Paracha

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America

Bohdan Pidhaynyy

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America

Terry L. Dowd

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America, Ph.D. Program in Chemistry and Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America

Alexander G. Robling

Contributed equally to this work with: Alexander G. Robling, Matthew L. Warman, Bart O. Williams

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Matthew L. Warman

Contributed equally to this work with: Alexander G. Robling, Matthew L. Warman, Bart O. Williams

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Orthopedic Research Labs, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Bart O. Williams

Contributed equally to this work with: Alexander G. Robling, Matthew L. Warman, Bart O. Williams

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

bart.williams@vai.org

Affiliation Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment and Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

BOW is the recipient of a sponsored research agreement from Janssen Pharmaceuticals for work not directly related to these studies. BOW also is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Surrozen.