About the Authors

Johanna M. Huusko

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

johanna.huusko@oulu.fi (JMH); Louis.Muglia@cchmc.org (LJM)

Affiliations PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, Division of Human Genetics, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center Ohio Collaborative, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Minna K. Karjalainen

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Britney E. Graham

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Ge Zhang

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Human Genetics, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center Ohio Collaborative, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Emily G. Farrow

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America

Neil A. Miller

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America

Bo Jacobsson

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Area of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

Haley R. Eidem

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Jeffrey C. Murray

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America

Bruce Bedell

Roles Resources

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America

Patrick Breheny

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America

Noah W. Brown

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America

Frans L. Bødker

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Nadia K. Litterman

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation 23andMe, Inc. Mountain View, California, United States of America

Pan-Pan Jiang

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources

Affiliation 23andMe, Inc. Mountain View, California, United States of America

Laura Russell

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources

Affiliation 23andMe, Inc. Mountain View, California, United States of America

David A. Hinds

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources

Affiliation 23andMe, Inc. Mountain View, California, United States of America

Youna Hu

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources

Affiliation 23andMe, Inc. Mountain View, California, United States of America

the 23andMe Research Team

Membership of the 23andMe Research Team is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Affiliation 23andMe, Inc. Mountain View, California, United States of America

Antonis Rokas

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Kari Teramo

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Kaare Christensen

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Scott M. Williams

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Mika Rämet

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Stephen F. Kingsmore

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, United States of America

Kelli K. Ryckman

Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America

Mikko Hallman

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Louis J. Muglia

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

johanna.huusko@oulu.fi (JMH); Louis.Muglia@cchmc.org (LJM)

These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation Division of Human Genetics, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center Ohio Collaborative, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

The 23andMe authors are employees of and hold stock or stock options in 23andMe, Inc.