About the Authors

Melissa E. Heard

Contributed equally to this work with: Melissa E. Heard, Roberta Besio

Affiliation Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Roberta Besio

Contributed equally to this work with: Melissa E. Heard, Roberta Besio

Current address: Department of Molecular Medicine, Universita’ di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

Affiliation Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

MaryAnn Weis

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Jyoti Rai

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

David M. Hudson

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Milena Dimori

Affiliation Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Sarah M. Zimmerman

Affiliation Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Jeffrey A. Kamykowski

Affiliation Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

William R. Hogue

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Frances L. Swain

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Marie S. Burdine

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Samuel G. Mackintosh

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Alan J. Tackett

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Larry J. Suva

Current address: Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas Veterinary Medical Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

David R. Eyre

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Roy Morello

rmorello@uams.edu

Affiliations Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America, Division of Genetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RM DRE AJT. Performed the experiments: MEH RB MW JR DMH MD SMZ JAK WRH FLS MSB SGM LJS. Analyzed the data: RM DRE AJT LJS DMH RB MEH. Wrote the paper: MEH RB RM AJT LJS DRE MSB.