About the Authors

Anthony Ryan

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Mark Lynch

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Sinead M. Smith

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Sylvie Amu

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Hendrik J. Nel

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Claire E. McCoy

Affiliation School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

Jennifer K. Dowling

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Eve Draper

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Vincent O'Reilly

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Ciara McCarthy

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Julie O'Brien

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Déirdre Ní Eidhin

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Mary J. O'Connell

Affiliation Molecular Evolution Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Brian Keogh

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Charles O. Morton

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, St James Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

Thomas R. Rogers

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, St James Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

Padraic G. Fallon

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Luke A. O'Neill

Affiliation School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

Dermot Kelleher

Contributed equally to this work with: Dermot Kelleher, Christine E. Loscher

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Christine E. Loscher

Contributed equally to this work with: Dermot Kelleher, Christine E. Loscher

Christine.loscher@dcu.ie

Affiliation Immunomodulation Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CEL BK PGF LAO DK. Performed the experiments: AR ML SMS SA HJL CEM JKD ED VO CM JO DNE COM PGF. Analyzed the data: CEL AR CEM JKD MJO PGF LAO DK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CEL TRR. Wrote the paper: CEL.