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Table of Contents

November 2005

Cover

Esperanza Maternal ("Maternal Hope").
Issue Image

Lily Valdés was born in Panama in 1975, where she continues to live and work. She studied structural architecture at Santa María La Antigua University, and publicity and marketing at the Latin American University of Science and Technology. Lily has been exhibiting her art work nationally since 1994, and has twice been invited to show her work in the Biennial Show at the Contemporary Art Museum, Panama. She has had international exhibitions in Colombia, Argentina, Spain, Cuba, and the United States, and was chosen as one of the 2004 artists of the year at the Piag Museum, Coral Gables, Florida. The art expresion Web site (http://www.artexpresion.com/) awarded her the "first creativity award" and she received the first award in painting in the MUNDOART 2005 contest. She belongs to the Association of Art Around the World.

Lily's collected works draw on the themes of motherhood, women's roles and responsibilities in society, infertility, and the use of assisted reproduction technologies.

Image Credit: Lily Valdés (http://lilyvaldes.atspace.com)

Editorial

A Landmark Paper in HIV Research?

PLOS Medicine: published October 25, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020293

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Essays

Nuclear Weapons 60 Years On: Still a Global Public Health Threat

Rhona MacDonald

PLOS Medicine: published August 23, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020301

When Clinical Trials Are Compromised: A Perspective from a Patient Advocate

Musa Mayer

PLOS Medicine: published October 18, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020358

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  2. Clinical Trial Registration: The Differing Views of Industry, the WHO, and the Ottawa Group
  3. Beyond Trial Registration: A Global Trial Bank for Clinical Trial Reporting
  4. The Statistical Significance of Suffering

Neglected Diseases

“Rapid-Impact Interventions”: How a Policy of Integrated Control for Africa's Neglected Tropical Diseases Could Benefit the Poor

David H Molyneux, Peter J Hotez, Alan Fenwick

PLOS Medicine: published October 11, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020336

Perspectives

Does Male Circumcision Prevent HIV Infection?

Nandi Siegfried

PLOS Medicine: published October 25, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020393

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  3. A Landmark Paper in HIV Research?

The First Randomised Trial of Male Circumcision for Preventing HIV: What Were the Ethical Issues?

Peter Cleaton-Jones

PLOS Medicine: published October 25, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020287

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Rolling Back a Malaria Epidemic in South Africa

Patrick E Duffy, Theonest K Mutabingwa

PLOS Medicine: published October 4, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020368

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Where Do People in Nigeria Get Their Contraception?

Oladapo A Ladipo

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020366

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Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in Cancer

Stefanie Zanssen, Eric A Schon

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020401

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Inhibition of EGFR Signaling: All Mutations Are Not Created Equal

Adi F Gazdar, John D Minna

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020377

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Restoring Retinal Function in a Mouse Model of Hereditary Blindness

Tony Moore

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020399

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Promising Functional Readouts of Immunity in a Blood-Stage Malaria Vaccine Trial

Brendan S Crabb, James G Beeson

PLOS Medicine: published November 8, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020380

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  1. A Malaria Vaccine That Elicits in Humans Antibodies Able to Kill Plasmodium falciparum

Health in Action

Beyond Trial Registration: A Global Trial Bank for Clinical Trial Reporting

Ida Sim, Don E Detmer

PLOS Medicine: published October 18, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020365

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Policy Forums

Clinical Trial Registration: The Differing Views of Industry, the WHO, and the Ottawa Group

Karmela Krleža-Jerić

PLOS Medicine: published October 18, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020378

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  4. Author's Reply
  5. Clinical Trials Registration

Rationing Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV/AIDS in Africa: Choices and Consequences

Sydney Rosen, Ian Sanne, Alizanne Collier, Jonathon L Simon

PLOS Medicine: published September 20, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020303

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Psychiatric Health Laws in Pakistan: From Lunacy to Mental Health

Ahmed Ijaz Gilani, Umer Ijaz Gilani, Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi, Murad Musa Khan

PLOS Medicine: published September 20, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020317

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Student Forum

Why Medical Students Are Crucial to the Future of Research in South Asia

Fawad Aslam, Murtaza Shakir, Muhammad Ahad Qayyum

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020322

Research Articles

Randomized, Controlled Intervention Trial of Male Circumcision for Reduction of HIV Infection Risk: The ANRS 1265 Trial

Bertran Auvert, Dirk Taljaard, Emmanuel Lagarde, Joëlle Sobngwi-Tambekou, Rémi Sitta, Adrian Puren

PLOS Medicine: published October 25, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020298

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  3. HIV Treatment Proceeds as Prevention Research Confounds
  4. Correction: Randomized, Controlled Intervention Trial of Male Circumcision for Reduction of HIV Infection Risk: The ANRS 1265 Trial
  5. First Trial of Male Circumcision against HIV
  6. The First Randomised Trial of Male Circumcision for Preventing HIV: What Were the Ethical Issues?
  7. Major Potential Confounder Not Addressed
  8. Rush to Judgment
  9. On Evidence in Support of Male Circumcision in HIV Prevention: What Next?
  10. Male Circumcision and HIV in Africa
  11. The Protective Effect of Male Circumcision as a Faith Lift for the Troubled Paradigm of HIV Epidemiology in Sub-Saharan Africa
  12. Estimated Protection Too Conservative
  13. The Money Issue
  14. Male Circumcision Increases Risk for Females
  15. Authors' Reply
  16. Male Circumcision and HIV Control in Africa
  17. Two Groups Not on All Fours
  18. Rubbery Figures?

Effect of Artemether-Lumefantrine Policy and Improved Vector Control on Malaria Burden in KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa

Karen I Barnes, David N Durrheim, Francesca Little, Amanda Jackson, Ushma Mehta, Elizabeth Allen, Sicelo S Dlamini, Joyce Tsoka, Barry Bredenkamp, D. Jotham Mthembu, Nicholas J White, Brian L Sharp

PLOS Medicine: published October 4, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020330

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A Malaria Vaccine That Elicits in Humans Antibodies Able to Kill Plasmodium falciparum

Pierre Druilhe, François Spertini, Daw Soesoe, Giampietro Corradin, Pedro Mejia, Subhash Singh, Regine Audran, Ahmed Bouzidi, Claude Oeuvray, Christian Roussilhon

PLOS Medicine: published November 8, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020344

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Sources of Contraceptive Commodities for Users in Nigeria

Boniface A Oye-Adeniran, Isaac F Adewole, Augustine V Umoh, Adesina Oladokun, Abidoye Gbadegesin, Kofo A Odeyemi, Ekanem E Ekanem

PLOS Medicine: published October 18, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020306

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A Measles Epidemic Threshold in a Highly Vaccinated Population

Jacco Wallinga, Janneke C. M Heijne, Mirjam Kretzschmar

PLOS Medicine: published October 18, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020316

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A Critical Reassessment of the Role of Mitochondria in Tumorigenesis

Antonio Salas, Yong-Gang Yao, Vincent Macaulay, Ana Vega, Ángel Carracedo, Hans-Jürgen Bandelt

PLOS Medicine: published October 4, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020296

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Oncogenic Transformation by Inhibitor-Sensitive and -Resistant EGFR Mutants

Heidi Greulich, Tzu-Hsiu Chen, Whei Feng, Pasi A Jänne, James V Alvarez, Mauro Zappaterra, Sara E Bulmer, David A Frank, William C Hahn, William R Sellers, Matthew Meyerson

PLOS Medicine: published October 4, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020313

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Pharmacological and rAAV Gene Therapy Rescue of Visual Functions in a Blind Mouse Model of Leber Congenital Amaurosis

Matthew L Batten, Yoshikazu Imanishi, Daniel C Tu, Thuy Doan, Li Zhu, Jijing Pang, Lyudmila Glushakova, Alexander R Moise, Wolfgang Baehr, Russell N. Van Gelder, William W Hauswirth, Fred Rieke, Krzysztof Palczewski

PLOS Medicine: published November 1, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020333

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Correspondence

Response to Amir Attaran

John W McArthur, Jeffrey D Sachs, Guido Schmidt-Traub

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020379

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Author's Reply

Amir Attaran

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020405

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The Clinical Interpretation of Research

Stephen G Pauker

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020395

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Author's Reply

John P. A Ioannidis

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020398

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Did Glycopeptide Use in Animals Result in Hospital Infections of VRE?

Anthony Mudd

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020383

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Placebo: Physician, Heal Thyself

Arunachalam Kumar, C. Jairaj Kumar

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020388

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Genetic Research on Nicotine Dependence Will Facilitate Public Health

Joe Cubells

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Power, Reliability, and Heterogeneous Results

Ian Shrier

PLOS Medicine: published November 29, 2005 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020386

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Truth, Probability, and Frameworks

Jonathan D Wren

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The Need of a Neonatal Preparation for Chagas Disease

Sergio Sosa-Estani, Jose M Belizan, Fernando Althabe, Aldofo Rubinstein

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Mental Health Care and Mental Health Legislation in Pakistan: No Mercy for Losers

Haider Ali Naqvi

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