About the Authors

Richard D. Riley

r.d.riley@bham.ac.uk

These authors contributed equally and are joint first authors on this work.

Affiliation School of Health and Population Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Jill A. Hayden

These authors contributed equally and are joint first authors on this work.

Affiliation Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Ewout W. Steyerberg

Affiliation Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Karel G. M. Moons

Affiliation Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

Keith Abrams

Affiliation Centre for Biostatistics & Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

Panayiotis A. Kyzas

Affiliation Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, North Manchester General Hospital, Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom

Núria Malats

Affiliation Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain

Andrew Briggs

Affiliation Health Economics & Health Technology Assessment, Centre for Population & Health Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Sara Schroter

Affiliation BMJ, BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, United Kingdom

Douglas G. Altman

Affiliation Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Harry Hemingway

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

for the PROGRESS Group

Competing Interests

SS is a full time employee of the BMJ Group but is not involved in the decision making on manuscripts. The authors declare no other competing interests.

Author Contributions

Initiated the PROGRESS Group, organised the 3 workshops, coordinated the writing groups, and were the scientific writing editors for all the papers in the PROGRESS series: HH RDR SS DGA. Guarantors for this paper: HH RDR DGA. Wrote the first version of the paper, provided examples and figures, and revised the document in light of coauthor comments: RDR JAH. Contributed through workshops and discussions to the development of the article series: PROGRESS Group. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: RDR JAH. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: RDR JAH KGMM EWS KA PAK NM AB SS DGA HH. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: RDR JAH KGMM EWS KA PAK NM AB SS DGA HH. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: RDR JAH KGMM EWS KA PAK NM AB SS DGA HH.