About the Authors

Natalie J Garton

Contributed equally to this work with: Natalie J Garton, Simon J Waddell

Affiliation Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester, United Kingdom

Simon J Waddell

Contributed equally to this work with: Natalie J Garton, Simon J Waddell

Affiliation Medical Microbiology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom

Anna L Sherratt

Affiliation Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester, United Kingdom

Su-Min Lee

Affiliation Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester, United Kingdom

Rebecca J Smith

Affiliation Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester, United Kingdom

Claire Senner

Affiliation Medical Microbiology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom

Jason Hinds

Affiliation Medical Microbiology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom

Kumar Rajakumar

Affiliations Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester, United Kingdom , Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester National Health Service Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Richard A Adegbola

Affiliation Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia

Gurdyal S Besra

Affiliation School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Philip D Butcher

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: butcherp@sgul.ac.uk (PDB); mrb19@le.ac.uk (MRB)

Affiliation Medical Microbiology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom

Michael R Barer

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: butcherp@sgul.ac.uk (PDB); mrb19@le.ac.uk (MRB)

Affiliations Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester, United Kingdom , Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester National Health Service Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

NJG, SJW, RAA, PDB, and MRB designed the study, analysed results and contributed to the writing of the paper. KR and GSB contributed to the analysis of results and writing of the paper. NJG, SJW, ALS, SML, RJS, CS, and JH were involved in performing the experiments and analysing the data.