About the Authors

Junya Sunagawa

Contributed equally to this work with: Junya Sunagawa, Ryo Komorizono, Hyeongki Park

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Ryo Komorizono

Contributed equally to this work with: Junya Sunagawa, Ryo Komorizono, Hyeongki Park

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Hyeongki Park

Contributed equally to this work with: Junya Sunagawa, Ryo Komorizono, Hyeongki Park

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

William S. Hart

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Robin N. Thompson

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom, Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom

Akiko Makino

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Keizo Tomonaga

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ KT and SI also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences (LiMe), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Shingo Iwami

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

iwami.iblab@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp (SI); ryamaguchi@sci.hokudai.ac.jp (RY)

‡ KT and SI also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan, NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan, Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan

Ryo Yamaguchi

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

iwami.iblab@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp (SI); ryamaguchi@sci.hokudai.ac.jp (RY)

Affiliations Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.