About the Authors

Paul T. Edlefsen

pedlefse@fredhutch.org

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Morgane Rolland

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Tomer Hertz

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, and The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel

Sodsai Tovanabutra

‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Andrew J. Gartland

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Allan C. deCamp

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Craig A. Magaret

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Hasan Ahmed

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Raphael Gottardo

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Michal Juraska

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Connor McCoy

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Brendan B. Larsen

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Eric Sanders-Buell

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Chris Carrico

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Sergey Menis

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Meera Bose

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

RV144 Sequencing Team

Membership of the RV144 Sequencing Team is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Miguel A. Arroyo

Affiliation Royal Thai Army Component, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand

Robert J. O’Connell

Affiliation US Army Component, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand

Sorachai Nitayaphan

Affiliation Royal Thai Army Component, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand

Punnee Pitisuttithum

Affiliation Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Jaranit Kaewkungwal

Affiliation Royal Thai Army Component, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand

Supachai Rerks-Ngarm

Affiliation CDC Department, Thai Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand

Merlin L. Robb

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Tatsiana Kirys

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Ivelin S. Georgiev

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Peter D. Kwong

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Konrad Scheffler

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Jonathan M. Carlson

Affiliation eSience Research Group, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, United States of America

Nelson L. Michael

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

William R. Schief

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center and Department of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

James I. Mullins

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Jerome H. Kim

Affiliation US Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Peter B. Gilbert

Affiliation Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MR ST ESB NLM JHK JIM. Performed the experiments: RJO SN PP JK SRN MLR NLM JHK BBL SN MB MAA. Analyzed the data: PTE MR TH PBG BBL SLKP KS WD BSM AJG ACd CAM HA MJ JMC CM RG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CC SM WRS JSM ISG TK PDK RG. Wrote the paper: PTE MR TH ST PBG.