Primary human foreskin keratinocytes containing HPV18 episomes were grown in a three-dimensional organotypic raft culture to support full epithelial differentiation and the complete HPV18 life cycle. Raft cultures were fixed and paraffin embedded prior to sectioning. Cellular nuclei are stained in blue (DAPI), HPV18 E1^E4 protein (red) and HPV18 L1 protein (green) were stained by indirect immunofluorescence. Ferguson & Campos-León et al.
Image Credit: Parish J, 2021
Editorial
Increasing best practice data sharing at PLOS Pathogens
PLOS Pathogens: published November 11, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010021
Opinion
Nasal therapy—The missing link in optimising strategies to improve prevention and treatment of COVID-19
PLOS Pathogens: published November 24, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010079
Pearls
Breakthroughs in microbiology made possible with organoids
PLOS Pathogens: published November 24, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010080
Research Articles
Pseudomonas syringae effector HopZ3 suppresses the bacterial AvrPto1–tomato PTO immune complex via acetylation
PLOS Pathogens: published November 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010017
Rv0180c contributes to Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell shape and to infectivity in mice and macrophages
PLOS Pathogens: published November 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010020
The small-secreted cysteine-rich protein CyrA is a virulence factor participating in the attack of Caenorhabditis elegans by Duddingtonia flagrans
PLOS Pathogens: published November 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010028
The chromatin insulator CTCF regulates HPV18 transcript splicing and differentiation-dependent late gene expression
PLOS Pathogens: published November 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010032
Evidence of MHC class I and II influencing viral and helminth infection via the microbiome in a non-human primate
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009675
Targeted transcriptomics reveals signatures of large-scale independent origins and concerted regulation of effector genes in Radopholus similis
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010036
Species-specific quantification of circulating ebolavirus burden using VP40-derived peptide variants
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010039
The P. falciparum CSP repeat region contains three distinct epitopes required for protection by antibodies in vivo
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010042
ΔNp63α promotes Epstein-Barr virus latency in undifferentiated epithelial cells
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010045
Mutation Y453F in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 enhances interaction with the mink ACE2 receptor for host adaption
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010053
Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by the parasitic worm product ES-62 is associated with epigenetic changes in synovial fibroblasts
PLOS Pathogens: published November 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010069
Impact of extrinsic incubation temperature on natural selection during Zika virus infection of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
PLOS Pathogens: published November 9, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009433
Polymerization of C9 enhances bacterial cell envelope damage and killing by membrane attack complex pores
PLOS Pathogens: published November 9, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010051
Related Articles
Amino acid residues at core protein dimer-dimer interface modulate multiple steps of hepatitis B virus replication and HBeAg biogenesis
PLOS Pathogens: published November 9, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010057
A single amino acid polymorphism in a conserved effector of the multihost blast fungus pathogen expands host-target binding spectrum
PLOS Pathogens: published November 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009957
Single-cell transcriptome profiling and the use of AID deficient mice reveal that B cell activation combined with antibody class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation do not benefit the control of experimental trypanosomosis
PLOS Pathogens: published November 11, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010026
Related Articles
Siglec-9 defines and restrains a natural killer subpopulation highly cytotoxic to HIV-infected cells
PLOS Pathogens: published November 11, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010034
The gatekeeper of Yersinia type III secretion is under RNA thermometer control
PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009650
An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms
PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009952
DNA double strand break position leads to distinct gene expression changes and regulates VSG switching pathway choice
PLOS Pathogens: published November 12, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010038
A conserved guided entry of tail-anchored pathway is involved in the trafficking of a subset of membrane proteins in Plasmodium falciparum
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009595
MK2a inhibitor CMPD1 abrogates chikungunya virus infection by modulating actin remodeling pathway
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009667
Evolutionary plasticity of SH3 domain binding by Nef proteins of the HIV-1/SIVcpz lentiviral lineage
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009728
The gammaherpesvirus 68 viral cyclin facilitates expression of LANA
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010019
The differentiation state of the Schwann cell progenitor drives phenotypic variation between two contagious cancers
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010033
Anaerobic peroxisomes in Entamoeba histolytica metabolize myo-inositol
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010041
Raman spectroscopic analysis of skin as a diagnostic tool for Human African Trypanosomiasis
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010060
Infection, recovery and re-infection of farmed mink with SARS-CoV-2
PLOS Pathogens: published November 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010068
Knockout of Anopheles stephensi immune gene LRIM1 by CRISPR-Cas9 reveals its unexpected role in reproduction and vector competence
PLOS Pathogens: published November 16, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009770
Eosinophils mediate SIgA production triggered by TLR2 and TLR4 to control Ascaris suum infection in mice
PLOS Pathogens: published November 16, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010067
ADCC-mediating non-neutralizing antibodies can exert immune pressure in early HIV-1 infection
PLOS Pathogens: published November 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010046
Flagellin lysine methyltransferase FliB catalyzes a [4Fe-4S] mediated methyl transfer reaction
PLOS Pathogens: published November 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010052
SAFA initiates innate immunity against cytoplasmic RNA virus SFTSV infection
PLOS Pathogens: published November 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010070
Localization of infection in neonatal rhesus macaques after oral viral challenge
PLOS Pathogens: published November 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009855
Yersinia remodels epigenetic histone modifications in human macrophages
PLOS Pathogens: published November 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010074
An HLA-I signature favouring KIR-educated Natural Killer cells mediates immune control of HIV in children and contrasts with the HLA-B-restricted CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune control in adults
PLOS Pathogens: published November 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010090
Differential contribution of two organelles of endosymbiotic origin to iron-sulfur cluster synthesis and overall fitness in Toxoplasma
PLOS Pathogens: published November 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010096
Phosphatidylserine receptors enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection
PLOS Pathogens: published November 19, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009743
Nuclear dengue virus NS5 antagonizes expression of PAF1-dependent immune response genes
PLOS Pathogens: published November 19, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010100
TMPRSS2 promotes SARS-CoV-2 evasion from NCOA7-mediated restriction
PLOS Pathogens: published November 22, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009820
An atypical EhGEF regulates phagocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica through EhRho1
PLOS Pathogens: published November 22, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010030
The architecture of the simian varicella virus transcriptome
PLOS Pathogens: published November 22, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010084
A combined EM and proteomic analysis places HIV-1 Vpu at the crossroads of retromer and ESCRT complexes: PTPN23 is a Vpu-cofactor
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009409
Sequence and vector shapes vaccine induced antibody effector functions in HIV vaccine trials
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010016
Inferring Mycobacterium bovis transmission between cattle and badgers using isolates from the Randomised Badger Culling Trial
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010075
Establishment of quantitative RNAi-based forward genetics in Entamoeba histolytica and identification of genes required for growth
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010088
An atypical Phytophthora sojae RxLR effector manipulates host vesicle trafficking to promote infection
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010104
Skeleton binding protein-1-mediated parasite sequestration inhibits spontaneous resolution of malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010114
Alphaherpesvirus-induced activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells depends on the viral glycoprotein gD and is inhibited by non-infectious light particles
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010117
Lysine provisioning by horizontally acquired genes promotes mutual dependence between whitefly and two intracellular symbionts
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010120
M-Sec induced by HTLV-1 mediates an efficient viral transmission
PLOS Pathogens: published November 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010126
Corrections
Correction: RNF111-facilitated neddylation potentiates cGAS-mediated antiviral innate immune response
PLOS Pathogens: published November 3, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010048
Related Articles
Correction: TGFβ-activation by dendritic cells drives Th17 induction and intestinal contractility and augments the expulsion of the parasite Trichinella spiralis in mice
PLOS Pathogens: published November 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010063