Figure 1.
Overview of mammalian arginine metabolism.
Only enzymes that directly use or produce arginine, ornithine, or citrulline are identified, and not all reactants and products are shown. Inhibition of specific enzymes is indicated by ⊥. DFMO, difluoromethyl ornithine; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NO, nitric oxide; nor-NOHA, nor-Nω-hydroxy-l-arginine; OAT, ornithine aminotransferase; ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; Spd Syn, spermidine synthase; Spm Syn, spermine synthase.
Figure 2.
Modulation of arginase by various pathogens.
Table 1.
Modulation of arginase by various pathogens.