Enterovirus virus-like-particle and inactivated poliovirus vaccines do not elicit substantive cross-reactive antibody responses
Fig 5
Immunization of baboons with IPV fails to generate cross-reactive neutralizing enterovirus antibody responses.
A. Indirect ELISA against EV-D68 or EV-A71 VLP using serum from baboons before and after three doses of IPV. Data are shown as individual points with mean, error bars indicate standard deviation, n = 24. Mean titers were compared by paired t-test with p = 0.6677 for EV-D68 indirect ELISA and p = 0.0002 for EV-A71 indirect ELISA. B. Sandwich ELISA for EV-D68 or EV-A71 VLP using serum from baboons before and after three doses of IPV. Data are shown as individual points with mean, error bars indicate standard deviation, n = 24. C. EV-A71 endpoint neutralization assay using serum samples from baboons before and after IPV immunization. D. Some baboons possessed IPV binding antibodies before immunization, but all animals exhibited a robust boost response following IPV immunization. Mean titers were compared by paired t-test with p = <0.0001. Data are shown as individual points with mean, error bars indicate standard deviation, n = 24. Asterisks indicate p value with *** indicating p < 0.001 and **** indicating p < 0.0001, ns indicates a p value > 0.05 determined by paired t-test.