Detoxification of methylglyoxal by the glyoxalase system is required for glutathione availability and virulence activation in Listeria monocytogenes
Fig 5
Glutathione, gshF mRNA and actA mRNA levels in glyoxalase mutants.
(A) L. monocytogenes strains were grown to mid-log in defined media and challenged with 0.4 or 1.2 mM MG. Intracellular glutathione concentration was measured relative to wild-type at different time points post-challenge. Mean and SEM are shown of two technical replicates from two independent experiments. (B-C) Gene expression determined 15 minutes after MG exposure measured by RT-PCR. (D) Gene expression determined during BMMs infection measured by RT-PCR. Data are mean and SEM of two technical replicates from two independent experiments. For all experiments p values were calculated comparing to the wild-type bacteria using an unpaired Student’s t-test; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, **** indicates P <0.0001.