Maternal schistosomiasis impairs offspring Interleukin-4 production and B cell expansion
Fig 6
Memory B cell response is impaired during secondary challenge in offspring that were prenatally exposed to SEA antigens.
(A) Schematic of experimental timeline (B) Flow cytometry of GC B cells (CD19+GL-7+FAS+), (C) TFH (PD-1+CXCR5+, gated from CD4+) (D) Follicular dendritic cells (CD21/35+FDCM2+ CD45-) (E) Tile confocal imaging of draining lymph node in response to secondary immunization with alum adjuvanted Tetanus/Diphtheria, cryosections were stained for CD21/35 (red), FDC-M2 (gray) and CD31 (blue). (F) Bulk memory B cells (CD19+CD27+) and (G) IgG1 memory response (IgG1+CD27+). Flow data are representative of n>4 mice per group and three independent experiments (except panel F and G, one independent experiment). Tile confocal imaging is representative of two independent experiments with n>3 mice per group per experiment.