Heme oxygenase-1 in protozoan infections: A tale of resistance and disease tolerance
Fig 2
(A) HO-1 promotes increased resistance in acute T. cruzi infection in mice. HO-1 expression reduces macrophage and heart parasitism and is associated with increased resistance to the infection during acute and chronic phases of the disease. (B) Up-regulation of HO-1 expression in macrophages reduces intracellular ROS and labile iron pool through FtH and ferroportin-1 expression. The net result is reduction of parasitism. FtH, ferritin H chain; HO-1, heme oxygenase 1; IFN, interferon; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; ROS, reactive oxygen species; Teff, T effector cells; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Treg, regulatory T cell.