Adapting to survive: How Candida overcomes host-imposed constraints during human colonization
Fig 5
Molecular circuits required for thermal adaptation in C. albicans.
(a) HSPs rescue proteins from unfolding or target damaged proteins for degradation. (b) In response to temperature upshifts, Hsf1 becomes phosphorylated, inducing the expression of HSP genes. After thermal adaptation, Hsf1 returns to basal levels through a negative feedback loop dependent on Hsp90. Long-term adaptation is controlled by Hsp90 through Hog1, Mkc1, and Cek1. HSE, heat shock element; Hsf1, heat shock transcription factor 1; HSP, heat shock protein; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAPKK/MAPKKK, MAPK kinase/ MAPKK kinase.