Plant A20/AN1 protein serves as the important hub to mediate antiviral immunity
Fig 4
Pha13 is involved in the expression of PhaNPR1-dependent and -independent marker genes.
(A) Expression level of PhaRdR1 and PhaGRX were analyzed by qRT-PCR from leaves of P. aphrodite treated with buffer (Mock) or SA, at different times (h) post-treatment. Results of qRT-PCR were relative to that of mock at individual time course for relative quantification. The RNA level at 0 h was set to 1. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 3 technical replicates; *, P < 0.05, Student’s t-test compared to 0 h. One representative experiment is shown from at least three replicates of similar results. PhaUbiquitin 10 was used as an internal control for normalization. (B) Expression level of PhaRdR1, PhaGRX, and CymMV accumulation level were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR from leaves of P. aphrodite inoculated with buffer (Mock) or infected with CymMV (Cy). PhaUbiquitin 10 was used as a loading control, and relative expression levels of the corresponding genes are indicated. (C) Expression level of PhaNPR1, PhaPR1, PhaRdR1, and PhaGRX were analyzed by qRT-PCR from leaves of P. aphrodite infiltrated with agrobacterium carrying the vector (Vector) or hairpin RNA (hpRNA) vector to knock down PhaNPR1 (hpPhaNPR1). (D and E) Expression level of PhaRdR1, PhaGRX, and CymMV accumulation level were analyzed by qRT-PCR from leaves of CymMV-infected P. aphrodite infiltrated with agrobacterium carrying vector (Vector); hairpin RNA (hpRNA) vector to knockdown PhaRdR1 (hpPhaRdR1, D), or PhaGRX (hpPhaGRX, E). (F and G) Expression level of Pha13, PhaRdR1, and PhaGRX were analyzed by qRT-PCR from leaves of P. aphrodite infiltrated with agrobacterium carrying vector (Vector) or hairpin RNA (hpRNA) vector to knockdown Pha13 (hpPha13; F), or to overexpress Pha13 (Pha13-oe; G). C to G, The RNA level of vector was set to 1. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 3 biological replicates; *, P < 0.05, Student’s t-test compared to vector. PhaUbiquitin 10 was used as an internal control for normalization.