Outer membrane vesicles from Neisseria gonorrhoeae target PorB to mitochondria and induce apoptosis
Fig 10
PorB delivered by E. coli OMVs induces macrophage apoptosis.
(A and B) N. gonorrhoeae PorB was expressed in E. coli and OMVs from E. coli (Ec OMV) and PorB expressing E. coli (Ec PorB OMV) analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and anti-PorB immunogold labelling. (C and D) BMDMs were treated with PBS and OMVs from N. gonorrhoeae (Ng OMV), PorB expressing E. coli (Ec PorB OMV) or control E. coli (Ec OMV) and (C) cell death (Draq7) and (D) caspase-3/7 activity (fluorogenic substrate) was determined every 30 minutes for 48 hours using live-cell imaging. Mean and standard deviation from two independent experiments with three biological repeats are shown.