Inhibition of Translation Initiation by Protein 169: A Vaccinia Virus Strategy to Suppress Innate and Adaptive Immunity and Alter Virus Virulence
Fig 2
Protein 169 is present in cytoplasmic puncta and is excluded from factories.
(A) HeLa cells were infected with v169 at 10 PFU/per cell for 7 h before cells were fixed and stained with anti-169 purified antibody (green), DAPI (blue) and with antibodies against markers of different intracellular compartments (red): protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) for endoplasmic reticulum (ER), GM130 for Golgi apparatus (Golgi), clathrin for some membrane vesicles, transferrin for endosomes and protein S6 for 40S ribosomes. Mitochondria were stained by addition of mitotracker to live cells that were then fixed and stained with anti-169 and with DAPI. White lines are scale bars (10 μm). (B) Enlarged versions of the mitochondrial and 40S ribosome staining from panel A showing DAPI-stained nuclei and virus factories (blue) and protein 169 (green). White lines are scale bars (20 μm).