Experimental Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis—Hemodynamics at the Blood Brain Barrier
Figure 2
Leukocytes are recruited to cortical postcapillary venules during both ECM and hyperparasitemia.
CBA/CaJ mice were infected with PbA, PyXL, or no parasites, subjected to craniotomy at the time of neurological signs or the parasitemia exceeding 50%, and prepared for intravital microscopy. CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages were labeled by intravenous inoculation of fluorochrome-conjugated mAb (see Materials and Methods for details) and appear as open green circles. The vascular lumen was visualized with Evans blue (red). Representative images from intravital microscopy movies showing arrested green CD8+ T cells (CD8a), CD4+ T cells (CD4), neutrophils (GR-1), monocytes (CD14), and macrophages (CD11b) in postcapillary venules from PbA-infected mice with ECM and PyXL-infected mice with hyperparasitemia. Note that anti-CD14 labels the endothelium (green outline) during ECM in addition to monocytes (open green circles). Scale bars = 20 µm. See Videos S6–S16 for dynamic information.