A New Perspective on Listeria monocytogenes Evolution
Figure 3
Phylogeny obtained with ClonalFrame and serotype relationships.
A) 50% consensus tree obtained after 100,000 iterations (after 50,000 burn-in) for the 130 distinct Listeria STs. L. monocytogenes appears monophyletic, with three distinct lineages and one strain (CLIP98) considered as a fourth lineage. Note the close association of CLIP85 with other lineage III strains. B) Detailed view of the inferred relationships within lineage I. Note the monophyly of serotype 4b. C) Detailed view of the inferred relationships within lineage II. Note that all strains of serotype 1/2c (CC9) are nested inside the diversity of 1/2a, and that serotype 1/2c seems to have evolved from 1/2a just after the split from strain EDGe. D) Detailed view of the inferred relationships within lineage III. E) Events on the branch that separates CLIP85 (ST157) from the rest of lineage III. Note the high number of nucleotide changes in lhkA (seventh gene), inferred by clonalFrame to correspond to a single recombination event.