H5N1 and 1918 Pandemic Influenza Virus Infection Results in Early and Excessive Infiltration of Macrophages and Neutrophils in the Lungs of Mice
Figure 5
Cytokine response from infected human macrophages.
Primary macrophages were developed from human peripheral blood monocytes in 6 well plates and infected in vitro (MOI = 0.1) with influenza viruses in duplicate as described (Methods, Table 1). Supernatants were sampled 48 hours post-infection and cytokines measured by Bioplex Protein Array assay (Methods). Macrophages were also treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng) and Poly I/C (100 ng) to serve as positive inducers. * p<0.05 between H5N1 and H1N1 viruses.