Effector loss and gain drives host range at a fitness cost

• Marcus V. Merfa ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: mmerfaes@utk.edu (MVM), jonathan.jacobs@wisc.edu (JMJ)

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6033-975X

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• Tracy E. Hawk,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Jelmer W. Poelstra,

  Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America

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• Lillian Ebeling-Koning,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Ervan Rodgers,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Hannah Toth,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Zachary Konkel,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Jules Butchacas,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Nathaniel Heiden,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Levo International, Inc., Bloomfield, Connecticut, United States of America.

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Muhammad Uzair,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Temitope F. Oladele,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Godwin E. Oduokpaha,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Rebecca D. Curland,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

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• Emmanuelle Lauber,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France

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• Laurie Marsan,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France

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• Zhaohui Liu,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America

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• Ruth Dill-Macky,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

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• Laurent D. Noël,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France

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• Horacio D. Lopez-Nicora,

  Roles Methodology, Resources

  Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Jason C. Slot,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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• Verónica Román-Reyna,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

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•  [ ... ],
• Jonathan M. Jacobs

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: mmerfaes@utk.edu (MVM), jonathan.jacobs@wisc.edu (JMJ)

  Current address: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison Wisconsin, United States of America.

  Affiliations Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1553-2013

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