Hepatitis B virus X protein counteracts high mobility group box 1 protein-mediated epigenetic silencing of covalently closed circular DNA

• Elena S. Kim ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Elena S. Kim, Jun Zhou

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Jun Zhou ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Elena S. Kim, Jun Zhou

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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• Hu Zhang,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Alexander Marchetti,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Maarten van de Klundert,

  Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine/Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany

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• Dawei Cai,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Xiaoyang Yu,

  Roles Investigation, Validation

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Bidisha Mitra,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Yuanjie Liu,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Mu Wang,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

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• Ulrike Protzer,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine/Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany

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• Haitao Guo

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: guoh4@upmc.edu

  Affiliations Cancer Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7146-916X

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