Induction of trained immunity by influenza vaccination - impact on COVID-19

• Priya A. Debisarun ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Priya A. Debisarun, Katharina L. Gössling

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-3903

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• Katharina L. Gössling ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Priya A. Debisarun, Katharina L. Gössling

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-131X

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• Ozlem Bulut,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7077-6216

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• Gizem Kilic,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-1909

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• Martijn Zoodsma,

  Roles Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany, TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3636-2209

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• Zhaoli Liu,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany, TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-4470

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• Marina Oldenburg,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5163-1724

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• Nadine Rüchel,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9657-8787

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• Bowen Zhang,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany, TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-9422

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• Cheng-Jian Xu,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany, TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-4672

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• Patrick Struycken,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Occupational Health & Safety, and Environmental Service, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0118-8829

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• Valerie A. C. M. Koeken,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany, TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5783-9013

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• Jorge Domínguez-Andrés,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-1961

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• Simone J. C. F. M. Moorlag,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-8417

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• Esther Taks,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6010-3971

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• Philipp N. Ostermann,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Virology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-6119

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• Lisa Müller,

  Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Virology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

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• Heiner Schaal,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Virology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-4365

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• Ortwin Adams,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Virology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

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• Arndt Borkhardt,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6121-4737

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• Jaap ten Oever,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

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• Reinout van Crevel,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-6410

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• Yang Li,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany, TWINCORE, a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany

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•  [ ... ],
• Mihai G. Netea

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: mihai.netea@radboudumc.nl

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Department for Immunology & Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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